Author of the Week: Prof. Chao Gao

Prof. Chao Gao received a B.S. in 1995 and a M.S. in organic chemical engineering in 1998 from Hunan University, and a Ph.D. in polymer chemistry and physics under the supervision of Prof. Deyue Yan in 2001 from Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU). Then he became a faculty member in SJTU and was promoted as an associate professor in 2002. Since Nov. 2003, he worked with Prof. Sir Harry Kroto as a visiting scholar and post-doc research fellow in the University of Sussex, UK. Afterwards he moved to Prof. Axel H. E. Müller’s group at Bayreuth University, Germany in July 2005 as an Alexander von Humboldt fellow. In 2008, he joined the Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University and was promoted as a full professor. His research interests include hyperbranched and other dendritic polymers, chemistry of graphene and carbon nanotubes, controlled/living polymerization and click chemistry. He co-edited (with Prof. Deyue Yan and Prof. Holger Frey) a book, Hyperbranched Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications (published by John, Wiley & Sons), and published more than 90 papers with citation of more than 3500 times. His research result of graphene fiber knot has been selected by Nature as “Images of the Year” in 2011. He is the advisory editorial member of Colloid and Polymer Science.

What was your inspiration in becoming a chemist?

To become a scientist is my childhood dreams, with the encouraging stories of those big masters such as Albert Einstein, Marie Curie and Alfred Nobel. When I went to high school, chemistry is my most favorite and best subject, under the special guidance and inspiration of the chemistry teacher, Mr. Changliang Zheng. Therefore I chose chemistry as my major in the university. My potential in scientific research was found when I became a Ph.D. student of Prof. Deyue Yan and I got the Award of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China. After graduation, I was happy to become a faculty member in the College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

What was the motivation to write your Polymer Chemistry article?

Hyperbranched polymers are a very interesting topic to be addressed due to their three-dimensional topology and unique properties. Their multifunctional groups can be used as a versatile platform to make promising materials. However, the functional groups of conventional hyperbranched polymers (CHPs) are too compact to be modified completely (generally 60-70% conversion of functional groups) due to the closely branched units. So we designed and synthesized segmented hyperbranched polymers (SHPs) with sparsely branched units. We found that the functional groups of SHPs can be modified completely (~100% conversion) despite the density of functional groups is extremely high (1-3 groups per unit). Moreover, the heterofunctional groups can be readily and orthogonally functionalized with different blocks, paving an avenue toward multifunctional smart materials.

Why did you choose Polymer Chemistry to publish your work? (DOI:10.1039/C2PY20951A)

I like polymer chemistry, especially the synthesis of new polymers with novel architecture even though they seem useless in industry at this moment. I think Polym. Chem. is an ideal platform for showing such structures and unique properties.

In which upcoming conferences may our readers meet you?

I will attend the 10th IUPAC International Conference on Advanced Polymers via Macromolecular Engineering, August 18th – 22nd 2013, Durham University and the China Polymer Conference in October 12-16th, Shanghai.

How do you spend your spare times?

I like to spend my spare time with my family. Besides, I enjoy sports, especially playing tennis and watching tennis grand slam.

Which profession would you choose if you were not a scientist?

Maybe I would be a journalist or TV presenter.

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Introducing Polymer Chemistry Editorial Board Member Heather D. Maynard

We are very pleased to announce a new member of Polymer Chemistry‘s Editorial Board, please join us in welcoming Heather D. Maynard.

Heather received a B.S. with Honors in Chemistry from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1992 and her Ph.D. from the California Institute of Technology in the summer of 2000. From 2000-2002, she was an American Cancer Society Postdoctoral Fellow at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH). She joined the UCLA faculty as an Assistant Professor in August 2002 as the first Howard Reiss Career Development Chair in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and is now a full Professor and Director of the Chemistry Biology Interface Training Program. Heather’s research interests are functional polymer synthesis, protein-polymer conjugates, nanomedicine, and surface nanopatterns.

A selection of her papers include:

Synthesis of nanogel–protein conjugates
Polym. Chem., 2013, 4, 2464-2469

FDA-approved poly(ethylene glycol)–protein conjugate drugs
Polym. Chem., 2011, 2, 1442-1448

Emerging synthetic approaches for protein–polymer conjugations
Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 2212-2226

Follow the latest journal news on Twitter @PolymChem or go to our Facebook page.

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Paper of the week: Thiol–ene post-polymerization reactions on polyferrocenylsilane polymers

Block copolymers are known to self-assemble into micellar structures when placed in a solvent selective for one of the blocks. A range of morphologies have been reported, such as spherical, cylindrical and vesicular architectures. It has been previously shown that cylindrical micelles can be prepared from diblock copolymers containing a short, crystalline polyferrocenyldimethylsilane (PFDMS) block when placed in a solvent selective for the second longer block. Only a few examples of PFS-based cylindrical micelles with a metal-containing corona have been reported so far. Although PFSs with a range of properties have been developed by changing the substituent on silicon, this approach requires the development of a new monomer for each new material.

Graphical abstract: Controlled thiol–ene post-polymerization reactions on polyferrocenylsilane homopolymers and block copolymers

In this context,  Manners and co-workers reported an investigation of the reactions between various monofunctional thiols and vinyl-containing PFS scaffolds as a potential tool for the preparation of functional all-PFS materials. Thiol–ene click functionalization of PFS homopolymers was successfully carried out with a range of thiols, and the resulting materials were found to show interesting features (solubility, thermal transitions). Considering the diversity of available thiols and the great tolerance of the thiol–ene reaction towards functional groups, this post-polymerization route appears to be the candidate of choice for the preparation of PFS materials with a range of properties from the same homopolymer or diblock scaffold, thus avoiding the difficulties associated with the preparation of new monomers.

Controlled thiol–ene post-polymerization reactions on polyferrocenylsilane homopolymers and block copolymers by Laurent Chabanne, Stefan Pfirrmann, David J. Lunn and Ian Manners, Polym. Chem., 2013, 4, 2353-2360.

Julien Nicolas is a guest web-writer for Polymer Chemistry. He currently works at Univ. Paris-Sud (FR) as a CNRS researcher.

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Top 10 Most-accessed Polymer Chemistry articles in January

This month sees the following articles in Polymer Chemistry that are in the top ten most accessed for January:

Thiol-ene “click” reactions and recent applications in polymer and materials synthesis 
Andrew B. Lowe  
Polym. Chem., 2010,1, 17-36 
DOI: 10.1039/b9py00216b 

Highly permeable polymers for gas separation membranes 
Peter M. Budd and Neil B. McKeown  
Polym. Chem., 2010,1, 63-68 
DOI: 10.1039/B9PY00319C 

Reversible photoisomerization of azobenzene-containing polymeric systems driven by visible light 
Ruijiao Dong ,  Bangshang Zhu ,  Yongfeng Zhou ,  Deyue Yan and Xinyuan Zhu  
Polym. Chem., 2013,4, 912-915 
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY21060F 

Self-healing polymers based on thermally reversible Diels–Alder chemistry 
Ying-Ling Liu and Tsai-Wei Chuo  
Polym. Chem., 2013,4, 2194-2205 
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY20957H 

Making polymeric nanoparticles stimuli-responsive with dynamic covalent bonds 
Alexander W. Jackson and David A. Fulton  
Polym. Chem., 2013,4, 31-45 
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY20727C 

Synthesis of thiophene-containing conjugated polymers from 2,5-thiophenebis(boronic ester)s by Suzuki polycondensation 
Meifang Liu ,  Yulan Chen ,  Chi Zhang ,  Cuihong Li ,  Weiwei Li and Zhishan Bo  
Polym. Chem., 2013,4, 895-899 
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY21070C 

Living lamellar crystal initiating polymerization and brittleness mechanism investigations based on crystallization during the ring-opening of cyclic butylene terephthalate oligomers
Jianqiang Zhang ,  Zongbao Wang ,  Bingjie Wang ,  Quting Gou ,  Junwu Zhang ,  Jian Zhou ,  Ya Li ,  Peng Chen and Qun Gu  
Polym. Chem., 2013,4, 1648-1656 
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY20847D 

Synthesis of new n-type isoindigo copolymers
 
François Grenier ,  Philippe Berrouard ,  Jean-Rémi Pouliot ,  Hsin-Rong Tseng ,  Alan J. Heeger and Mario Leclerc  
Polym. Chem., 2013,4, 1836-1841 
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY20986A 

Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of novel 3,4-ethylenedithiathiophene-based copolymers for organic solar cells 
Xiuxuan Sun ,  Weichao Chen ,  Zhengkun Du ,  Xichang Bao ,  Guannan Song ,  Kangquan Guo ,  Ning Wang and Renqiang Yang  
Polym. Chem., 2013,4, 1317-1322 
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY20995K 

Water-soluble supramolecular hyperbranched polymers based on host-enhanced p–p interaction 
Ruochen Fang ,  Yiliu Liu ,  Zhiqiang Wang and Xi Zhang  
Polym. Chem., 2013,4, 900-903 
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY21037A 

Why not take a look at the articles today and blog your thoughts and comments below.

Fancy submitting an article to Polymer Chemistry? Then why not submit to us today!

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Paper of the week: Quasi-block copolymer libraries from an automated parallel synthesizer

Block copolymers are interesting materials that can self-assemble and segregate on nanometer length scales. This makes them ideal materials for numerous applications ranging from conventional technologies to emerging nanotechnologies. The synthesis of block copolymers is generally achieved via “living” ionic polymerization techniques or reversible-deactivation radical polymerization methods. However, the synthesis of well-defined block copolymers is, in general, a relatively low throughput, demanding, expensive and time-consuming process.

Graphical abstract: Quasi-block copolymer libraries on demand via sequential RAFT polymerization in an automated parallel synthesizer

In this context,  Chiefari and co-workers reported a convenient synthetic method for the systematic preparation of quasi-diblock copolymer libraries utilizing a sequential reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization strategy. This approach used a commercially available parallel synthesizer, which allowed the unattended and fully automated synthesis of these libraries in a short period of time. The materials obtained in this investigation have shown properties very similar to those expected in “pure” diblock copolymers as determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The described method can be a useful and less expensive alternative for the rapid preparation and screening of block copolymer libraries.

Quasi-block copolymer libraries on demand via sequential RAFT polymerization in an automated parallel synthesizer by Carlos Guerrero-Sanchez, Lisa O’Brien, Colin Brackley, Daniel J. Keddie, Simon Saubern and John Chiefari, Polym. Chem., 2013, 4, 1857-1862.

Julien Nicolas is a guest web-writer for Polymer Chemistry. He currently works at Univ. Paris-Sud (FR) as a CNRS researcher.

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Paper of the week: Well-defined temperature-sensitive surfactants for controlled emulsion coalescence

The stabilization of liquid–liquid interfaces through the adsorption of surfactants plays an important role in many industrial processes in which emulsions are produced or used. The main aim in the development of new surfactants is to provide prolonged shelf-life by preventing the coalescence of emulsion droplets. While the stability of an emulsion against coalescence is often the main aim in the formulation of emulsion systems, many applications of emulsions do not only require high stability against coalescence, but also the breaking or phase inversion of the emulsion at some point. At first, these requirements seem contradictory: the emulsion needs to be stable on the shelf, yet becomes unstable at some moment under the influence of a given stimulus.

Graphical abstract: Well-defined temperature-sensitive surfactants for controlled emulsion coalescence

In this context,  Sprakel and co-workers approached these contradictory constraints through the synthesis of well-defined thermoresponsive surfactants based on di(ethylene glycol)methacrylate and poly(ethylene glycol)methacrylate using Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. The surfactants showed a Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) of approximately 34°C, independent of molecular weight, which is ascertained by both Differential Scanning Calorimetry as well as Dynamic Light Scattering. Below the LCST, the surfactants stabilized the emulsions for at least four months. Above this temperature the hydrophilic block collapsed and coalescence between the emulsion droplets occurred; this led to demixing of the sample within several minutes. The authors revealed the mechanism for the temperature-triggered coalescence by measurements of the temperature-dependent interfacial tension and by studying the interfacial morphology of surfactant-covered emulsion droplets.

Well-defined temperature-sensitive surfactants for controlled emulsion coalescence by Huanhuan Feng, Nadine A. L. Verstappen, Alexander J. C. Kuehne and Joris Sprakel, Polym. Chem., 2013, 4, 1842-1847.

Julien Nicolas is a guest web-writer for Polymer Chemistry. He currently works at Univ. Paris-Sud (FR) as a CNRS researcher.

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Author of the Week: Prof. Jumpo He

Prof. Junpo He graduated with a B.Sc. degree in Chemistry from Henan University in 1990, received his M.S. degree in 1993, and Ph. D. in 1999, both on Polymer Chemistry and Physics in Fudan University. Since 1993, he was an assistant teacher (1993-1997), lecturer (1997-2003), associate professor (2003-2007) and full professor (since 2007) in Fudan University. He worked as an exchanging scholar in University Konstanz (1996-1997), PostDoc in BASF, Ludwigshafen (2002-2003), DAAD visiting scientist in University Konstanz (2005), Germany, and JSPS Fellow in TITech, Japan (2012). His research interests are on living polymerization and polymer synthesis. He is editorial member of European Polymer Journal.

Research website: http://www.polymer.fudan.edu.cn/polymer/research/hjp/index.asp

What was your inspiration in becoming a chemist?

I was actually not keen on chemistry when I was a middle school student, because I had to remember various kinds of reactions for exam. In the university and graduate school, however, I became fascinated by chemistry for its great diversity and variety in molecular structure and property, which satisfied my curiosity all the time.

What was the motivation to write your Polymer Chemistry article?

For a long time I have been thinking about method to speed-up the synthesis of dendrimers. I believe anionic polymerization, a true living polymerization technique, can accomplish this purpose. We have developed two methods to simplify the synthesis of dendrimers. One is a living branching polymerization by which dendrimers are prepared in a continuous process, and the other is the current work, the “end-grafting” method, in which dendrimers are synthesized using only one diblock copolymer as the building block.

Why did you choose Polymer Chemistry to publish your work? (DOI:10.1039/C2PY20742G)

These years the polymer community of the world has witnessed the high-profile emerging of Polymer Chemistry as a new and one of the central journals in polymer science. I appreciate very much the high impact of the journal on polymer research all over the world.

In which upcoming conferences may our readers meet you?

I will attend “The 10th IUPAC International Conference on Advanced Polymers via Macromolecular Engineering (APME 2013)”, Durham University in the UK (August 18-22, 2013); and “The 21st International Symposium on Ionic Polymerization (IP2013)”, Awaji Island, Hyogo, Japan (September 23-28, 2013).

How do you spend your spare times?

I like to travel to different places and know different cultures and try different foods. If possible, I’d like to travel with my wife and son.

Which profession would you choose if you were not a scientist?

I may choose cook or farmer as my second profession. Cooking, either in kitchen or in lab, make my happy. I also find a sense of great harmony in my mind when I stand in a field full of plants under a blue sky.

Cyrille Boyer is a guest web-writer for Polymer Chemistry. He is currently a Senior Lecturer and an ARC-Future Fellow at the Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (Australia)).

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Paper of the week: Proton conducting phosphonic acid-functionalized polyolefins

Due to the properties arising from the synergism between the polyolefins and composites bearing polar functionalities, the unique behavior of these materials in bulk and in solution has led to emerging research in this area. Broad scientific effort, both fundamental and applied, has been devoted to obtain well-defined statistical, block and graft copolymers by covalently bonding polyolefins to amphiphilic polymers. It is well known that sequence distributions are major contributors in the adjustment of material properties in copolymers.

Graphical abstract: Synthesis of proton conducting phosphonic acid-functionalized polyolefins by the combination of ATRP and ADMET

In this context,  Markova et al. intended to use the synthetic advantages of acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization (which offers a synthetic route to strictly linear polyethylenes functionalized at precise intervals) for the formation of new membrane materials for low temperature fuel cells. Well-defined, precise poly(vinylbenzyl phosphonic acid) (PVBPA)-containing-polyolefins were obtained for the first time by a combination of ADMET and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), yielding a set of well-defined graft copolymers composed of polyethylene (PE) “backbone” and PDEVBP brushes, precisely placed on every 21st carbon. Quantitative deprotection of the phosphonates led to the corresponding polymer bonded phosphonic acids. The PA-containing electrolytes exhibited sufficient thermal properties with a high mobility for proton conduction. Moreover, the enhancement of the proton conductivity properties compared to the existing phosphonic acid containing block copolymer structures, the improved properties in the high temperature operating regime and the conductivity range  make them interesting membrane materials for future studies.

Synthesis of proton conducting phosphonic acidfunctionalized polyolefins by the combination of ATRP and ADMET by Dilyana Markova, Kathleen L. Opper, Manfred Wagner, Markus Klapper, Kenneth B. Wagener and Klaus Mullen, Polym. Chem., 2013, 4, 1351-1363.

Julien Nicolas is a guest web-writer for Polymer Chemistry. He currently works at Univ. Paris-Sud (FR) as a CNRS researcher.

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8th International Dendrimer Symposium (IDS8) 23rd – 27th of June 2013 in Madrid

The 8th International Dendrimer Symposium (IDS8) will be in Madrid, Spain from 23rd – 27th of June 2013.

IDS8 represents a great opportunity to explore the recent developments on dendrimer synthesis and applications. The organisers are extremely proud to hold the upcoming IDS8 in Madrid. They are planning an attractive Scientific Programme where all areas of dendrimer research will be represented: General, Dendrimer Synthesis & Characterization, Hyperbranched Polymer Synthesis & Characterization, Biological Studies, Drug Delivery, Imaging, Computational Modeling and Databases, Novel Applications, Catalysis and Light Harvesting and Plenary.

Please note the following dates:

  • Deadline for Abstract Submission: 30th March 2013
  • Deadline for the reduced registration fee is: 15th April 2013

You can find more information on the 8th International Dendrimer Symposium at: http://ids-8.com

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Celebrate Chinese New Year With Polymer Chemistry

Last week was the start of the Chinese New Year, and the year of the Snake. To mark this occasion all the covers of the latest issue of Polymer Chemistry have been chosen to highlight some of the great work coming from our Chinese authors.

High-density and hetero-functional group engineering of segmented hyperbranched polymers via click chemistry
Sipei Li, Jin Han and Chao Gao
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY20951A

Facile hydrothermal synthesis of low generation dendrimer-stabilized gold nanoparticles for in vivo computed tomography imaging applications
Hui Liu, Yanhong Xu, Shihui Wen, Jingyi Zhu, Linfeng Zheng, Mingwu Shen, Jinglong Zhao, Guixiang Zhang and Xiangyang Shi
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY20993D

Synthesis and characterization of diazafluorene-based oligofluorenes and polyfluorene
Wei-Jie Li, Bin Liu, Yan Qian, Ling-Hai Xie, Jing Wang, Sheng-Biao Li and Wei Huang
DOI: 10.1039/C2PY20971C

Visit the Polymer Chemistry webpage and browse this issue today

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_New_Year
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