‘Celebrating the Five-Year Anniversary of Polymer Chemistry’ Symposium

This year, Polymer Chemistry celebrates its fifth anniversary. To mark the occasion Editor-in-Chief Dave Haddleton and Associate Editors, Brent Sumerlin and Wei You, have organised a symposium entitled ‘Celebrating the Five-Year Anniversary of Polymer Chemistry‘ which will be held during the 249th ACS National Meeting & Exposition, in Denver, CO, USA.

Symposium Details:

The symposium will take place on 22nd March 2015 at Governor’s Square 14, Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel between 8:30am – 4:50pm. We hope you can attend!

Symposium speakers:

The stimulating symposium talks will be delivered by distinguished speakers:

Nikolaos Hadjichristidis

Christopher Barner-Kowollik

Jean-François Lutz

Sebastien Perrier

Cyrille Boyer

Andrew Lowe

Virgil Percec

Heather Maynard

Xi Zhang

Hong Chen

Shiyong Liu

Todd Emrick

‘Celebrating the Five-Year Anniversary of Polymer Chemistry‘ Web Collection:

To accompany the symposium we have produced a web themed collection of recent papers published by the symposium speakers. We hope you enjoy reading these articles.

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Paper of the week: Novel polymer synthesis methodologies using combinations of thermally- and photochemically-induced nitroxide mediated polymerization

Guillaneuf and Gigmes and co-workers discuss novel polymer synthesis methodologies using combinations of thermally- and photochemically-induced nitroxide mediated polymerization

The combination of thermally- and photochemically-induced polymerization using light-sensitive alkoxyamines was investigated. The thermally driven polymerizations were performed via the cleavage of the alkoxyamine functionality, whereas the photochemically-induced polymerizations were carried out either by nitroxide mediated photo-polymerization (NMP2) or by a classical type II mechanism, depending on the structure of the light-sensitive alkoxyamine employed. Once the potential of the various structures as initiators of thermally- and photo-induced polymerizations was established, their use in combination for block copolymer syntheses was investigated. With each alkoxyamine investigated, block copolymers were successfully obtained and the system was applied to the post-modification of polymer coatings for application in patterning and photografting.

Novel polymer synthesis methodologies using combinations of thermally- and photochemically-induced nitroxide mediated polymerization by Jason Morris, Sofia Telitel, Kathryn E. Fairfull-Smith, Steven E. Bottle, Jacques Lalevée, Jean-Louis Clément, Yohann Guillaneuf and Didier Gigmes Polym. Chem., 2015,6, 754-763

Remzi Becer is a web-writer and Advisory Board member for Polymer Chemistry. He is currently a Senior Lecturer in Materials Science and the director of the Polymer Science and Nanotechnology masters programme at Queen Mary, University of London. Visit www.becergroup.com for more information.

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Author of the Month: Prof. Anthony Convertine

Anthony studied Chemistry at Edison College in Southwest Florida before transferring to the University of Southern Mississippi where he obtained his BS and PhD in Polymer Science and Engineering.  Under the supervision of his advisor, Professor Charles McCormick, he worked on preparing water-soluble polymers by RAFT polymerization.  Following the completion of his PhD studies he moved to Seattle Washington to do a postdoc with Professor Patrick Stayton and Allan Hoffman.  During his postdoc he worked on applying RAFT synthetic methodology to develop polymeric materials for delivering biologic drugs.  Following his postdoc, he took a position as a research assistant professor in the department of BioEngineering at the University of Washington.  To date Anthony has publish almost 60 research articles and patents and developed technology that has led to the establishment of a local area start up company.

His research is focused primarily on the application of controlled free radical polymerization and thiol-ene/Michael chemistry to develop powerful new delivery technologies that will enable the realization of therapies based on intracellularly active biologic drugs. These agents have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of serious diseases such as cancer and antibiotic resistant bacteria while minimizing harmful side effects.

What was your inspiration in becoming a chemist?

I think that I have always wanted to become a chemist.  From a very early age I enjoyed mixing whatever chemicals I could find to see what would happen. When I first started college I was required to take several chemistry classes as part of the pre-pharmacy curriculum. Along the way my organic chemistry instructor, Professor Scott, really inspired me to change my major to chemistry. His lab courses were fascinating and I was really intrigued by the idea that complex organic molecules could be made to react in deliberate ways. Soon after that I took a polymer chemistry course by Professor McCormick, who would later become my PhD advisor, which really sparked my imagination and cemented my desire to be a chemist.

What was the motivation to write your Polymer Chemistry article ?

The starting point for writing this article was the desire to create a new class of drug delivery system that could combine the high drug loading capacity and well defined structure of polymer-drug conjugates with the long circulation times of nanoparticle-based systems. Controlled radical polymerization methodologies, including the versatile reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization process, are rapidly moving to the forefront in construction of drug delivery vehicles. The use of RAFT polymerization from multifunctional scaffolds provided a scientifically interesting approach for preparing these materials with spatially defined biofunctional segments.

Why did you choose Polymer Chemistry to publish your work?

Polymer chemistry is quickly becoming the premier journal for publishing cutting edge polymer science research across a range of polymer-related disciplines. The editors at Polymer Chemistry do a great job of making the manuscript figures and layouts look really sharp.  We are really excited about this work and felt that Polymer Chemistry would give our manuscripts excellent visibility. The work detailed in this manuscript was conducted along side a second closely related study so it made a lot of sense to publish them together.

In which upcoming conferences may our readers meet you?

We recently presented this work at the 2014 Zing Polymer Chemistry Conference in Cancun Mexico.  We are planning to attend the 2015 BMES meeting in Tampa, Florida.

How do you spend your spare time?

The Pacific Northwest is just amazing! There are so many natural wonders here that there is always a new hike to go on or a spectacular coastline to explore. I am also an aspiring surfer and take every opportunity to head down to the California coast to catch some waves. In the summer I like to head back to my hometown in Southwest Florida to fish for redfish with my cousin.  The mangrove shorelines and grassy flats have some of the best fishing in the world and are uniquely beautiful.  During football season you can usually find me at the local pub rooting for the Seattle Seahawks.

Which profession would you choose if you were not a chemist?

Pharmacist. Medicinal compounds and their affect on the human body have always fascinated me.


Well-defined single polymer nanoparticles for the antibody-targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents

D. D. Lane,   D. Y. Chiu,  F. Y. Su,   S. Srinivasan,   H. B. Kern,   O. W. Press,   P. S. Stayton and   A. J. Convertine

Aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was employed to prepare a series of linear copolymers of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and 2-hydroxyethylacrylamide (HEAm) with narrow Đ values over a molecular weight range spanning three orders of magnitude (103 to 106 Da). Trithiocarbonate-based RAFT chain transfer agents (CTAs) were grafted onto these scaffolds using carbodiimide chemistry catalyzed with DMAP. The resultant graft chain transfer agent (gCTA) was subsequently employed to synthesize polymeric brushes with a number of important vinyl monomer classes including acrylamido, methacrylamido, and methacrylate. Brush polymerization kinetics were evaluated for the aqueous RAFT polymerization of DMA from a 10 arm gCTA. Polymeric brushes containing hydroxyl functionality were further functionalized in order to prepare 2nd generation gCTAs which were subsequently employed to prepare polymers with a brushed-brush architecture with molecular weights in excess of 106 Da. The resultant single particle nanoparticles (SNPs) were employed as drug delivery vehicles for the anthracycline-based drug doxorubicin via copolymerization of DMA with a protected carbazate monomer (bocSMA). Cell-specific targeting functionality was also introduced via copolymerization with a biotin-functional monomer (bioHEMA). Drug release of the hydrazone linked doxorubicin was evaluated as function of pH and serum and chemotherapeutic activity was evaluated in SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells.


Cyrille Boyer is a guest web-writer for Polymer Chemistry. He is currently an associate professor and an ARC-Future Fellow in the School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (Australia), deputy director of the Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and member of Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design.


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Paper of the week: The power of one-pot: a hexa-component system containing π–π stacking, Ugi reaction and RAFT polymerization for simple polymer conjugation on carbon nanotubes

Yang et al. have developed a one pot approach to prepare polymer-carbon nanotube conjugates.

A hexa-component system has been successfully developed for simple polymer conjugation on carbon nanotubes. The well-known Ugi reaction has been recognized as a multicomponent click (MCC) reaction to efficiently collaborate with π–π stacking and RAFT polymerization to construct this delicate one-pot system. The CNT–(co)polymer composites inherit the properties of the conjugated polymers and can be well dispersed in both organic and aqueous solvents. As a simple and efficient method, this one-pot system might have the potential to become a general approach to prepare carbon-based composites.

The power of one-pot: a hexa-component system containing π–π stacking, Ugi reaction and RAFT polymerization for simple polymer conjugation on carbon nanotubes by Bin Yang, Yuan Zhao, Xu Ren, Xiaoyong Zhang, Changkui Fu, Yaling Zhang, Yen Wei and Lei Tao, Polym. Chem., 2015,6, 509-513.

Remzi Becer is a web-writer and Advisory Board member for Polymer Chemistry. He is currently a Senior Lecturer in Materials Science and the director of the Polymer Science and Nanotechnology masters programme at Queen Mary, University of London. Visit www.becergroup.com for more information.

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35th Australasian Polymer Symposium (35APS)

We are pleased to announce the 35th Australasian Polymer Symposium which will be held at the QT Hotel, Gold Coast, Australia, on 12-15th July 2015.

Browse the programme

The programme is live so take a look now. Keynote speakers include: Professor David Haddleton, Dr Elodie Bourgeat-Lami and Professor Zhibo Li.

Submit your abstract

There are a range of themes covering many areas of polymer research running throughout the symposium, so check out the themes and submit your abstract now.

Register

Registration is NOW OPEN. Register before 13th March for the Early Bird discount. Sign up for what is sure to be another stimulating polymer science forum in 2015.

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Paper of the week: Precise one-pot synthesis of fully conjugated end-functionalized star polymers containing poly(fluorene-2,7-vinylene) (PFV) arms

Nomura et al. present the one-pot synthesis of star shaped conjugated polymers.

A facile, precise one-pot synthesis of end-functionalized star (triarm) polymers consisting of poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorene-2,7-vinylene)s (PFVs), the triblock copolymers [by incorporation of tri(2,5-dialkoxy-1,4-phenylene vinylene) or terthiophene units as the middle segment], has been achieved by olefin metathesis followed by Wittig-type coupling. Effects of the PFV conjugation length, the middle segment and the end groups on the emission properties have been studied.

Precise one-pot synthesis of fully conjugated end-functionalized star polymers containing poly(fluorene-2,7-vinylene) (PFV) arms by Kotohiro Nomura, Tahmina Haque, Tomohiro Miwata, Akiko Inagaki and Kenji Takamizu Polym. Chem., 2015,6, 380-388

Remzi Becer is a web-writer and advisory board member for Polymer Chemistry. He is currently a Senior Lecturer in Materials Science and the director of the Polymer Science and Nanotechnology masters programme at Queen Mary, University of London. Visit www.becergroup.com for more information.

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Paper of the week: Amphiphilic/fluorous random copolymers as a new class of non-cytotoxic polymeric materials for protein conjugation

Koda et al have developed amphiphilic/fluorous random copolymers bearing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains and perfluorinated alkane pendants as novel non-cytotoxic polymers for protein conjugation.

Three kinds of random copolymers with different initiating terminals (carboxylic acid, pyridyl disulfide, and N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) were prepared by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) copolymerization of a PEG methyl ether methacrylate and a perfluorinated alkane methacrylate with the corresponding functional chain transfer agents. All of the polymers were soluble in water to form nanostructures with perfluorinated compartments via fluorous interaction: large aggregates from the intermolecular multi-chain association and compact unimer micelles from the intramolecular single-chain folding. Such a PEGylated and perfluorinated random copolymer was non-cytotoxic to NIH 3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Additionally, a random copolymer with a pyridyl disulfide terminal was also successfully conjugated with a thiolated lysozyme.

Amphiphilic/fluorous random copolymers as a new class of non-cytotoxic polymeric materials for protein conjugation by Yuta Koda, Takaya Terashima, Mitsuo Sawamoto and  Heather D. Maynard Polym. Chem., 2015,6, 240-247.

Remzi Becer is a web-writer and advisory board member for Polymer Chemistry. He is currently a Senior Lecturer in Materials Science and the director of the Polymer Science and Nanotechnology masters programme at Queen Mary, University of London. Visit www.becergroup.com for more information.

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Polymer Chemistry Lectureship: Nominations now open

Do you know someone who deserves recognition for their contribution to the polymer field?

Now is your chance to ensure they receive the accolade they deserve.

Polymer Chemistry is pleased to announce that nominations are now being accepted for its Polymer Chemistry Lectureship 2015.  New in 2015, this award will be run annually by the journal to honour an early-stage career scientist who has made a significant contribution to the polymer field.

Qualification

To be eligible for the Polymer Chemistry Lectureship, the candidate should be in the earlier stages of their scientific career, typically within 15 years of attaining their doctorate or equivalent degree, and will have made a significant contribution to the field.

Description

The recipient of the award will be asked to present a lecture three times, one of which will be located in the home country of the recipient. The Polymer Chemistry Editorial Office will provide the sum of £1000 to the recipient for travel and accommodation costs.

The award recipient will be presented with the award at one of the three award lectures. They will also be asked to contribute a lead article to the journal and will have their work showcased on the back cover of the issue in which their article is published.

Selection

The recipient of the award will be selected and endorsed by the Polymer Chemistry Editorial Board.

Nominations

Those wishing to make a nomination should send details of the nominee, including a brief C.V. (no longer than 2 pages A4) together with a letter (no longer than 2 pages A4) supporting the nomination, to the Polymer Chemistry Editorial Office by 6th March 2015.  Self-nomination is not permitted.

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Author of the Month: Professor Nicola Tirelli

Nicola studied Chemistry at the University of Pisa in Italy, obtaining an MSc in organic and polymer chemistry in 1992 and a PhD in industrial chemistry  in 1996 where he worked under the supervision of Professor Francesco Ciardelli on photochromic and non-linear optically active polymers. During the last year of his PhD he moved to the ETH Zurich, where he joined the group of Ulrich W. Suter in the Department of Materials, first as a visiting researcher and then as a postdoc, focusing on thermally resistant polymers.  After a short spell at the EPF Lausanne, he returned to Zurich in 1999 as an “Oberassistent” in the group of Jeff Hubbell, where he moved into the field of biomaterials and regenerative medicine. He then joined the School of Pharmacy at the University of Manchester in 2003 as a Lecturer and was promoted to Chair in 2005. Since 2010 he has been affiliated to the School of Materials and to that of Medicine at the Institute of Inflammation and Repair. To date, Nicola has published almost 120 research papers, in addition to several reviews and patents.

From a chemical point of view, his interests mainly lie in the design of biologically responsive materials, in form functional surfaces, hydrogels and colloids (nanoparticles, micelles). From a biological perspective, his main focus is on inflammation, and specifically on the control over the inflammatory activation of leukocytes and mesenchymal cells through e.g. the use of Reactive Oxygen Species- responsive materials.

What was your inspiration in becoming a chemist?

For certain chemistry was in my blood, not in my genes though: even including distant relatives I am the only scientist in the family. Although, I cannot deny an academic background: both parents were Middle Ages historians.

Possibly the main attraction of chemistry was its two-face character; a bit like the Roman god Janus. On one side, the interface with physics that provides certainties and allows quantitative predictions; and then a more qualitative side, based on intuitions that border the artistic domain (think of chess-playing like retrosynthetic exercises of organic chemists).

What was the motivation to write your Polymer Chemistry article?

The starting point was a medical need. There are tens of thousands, possibly hundreds of thousands of individuals carrying silicone-based implants, which almost inevitably trigger foreign body reactions due to a poor interface with the host. Just think of the number of breast augmentation operations carried out every year to get an idea of the size of the problem.

The study published in Polymer Chemistry originates from the idea to develop new approaches to modify silicone surfaces, since they are very recalcitrant towards controlled chemical functionalisation.

Why did you choose Polymer Chemistry to publish your work? (DOI: 10.1039/C4PY00941J)

A mixed bag of reasons. Principally, Polymer Chemistry is a great home for the rapid publication of studies that employ well-defined polymer architectures. Additionally, this work nicely follows and concludes a first, synthesis-based paper that we published in Polymer Chemistry last year (DOI: 10.1039/C3PY00273J), therefore it just made sense to us to submit this manuscript to the same journal

In which upcoming conferences may our readers meet you?

MRS in Boston, beginning of December 2014.

How do you spend your spare time?

I always feel great in a vegetable or tree garden, ploughing and sowing for example.

I am also an erratic music listener; currently I am quite mad for the brit pop from the ‘90s, but also for baroque and XVIII century music (Corelli, Vivaldi, Bach, Albinoni, down to Mozart). Finally, I have always had a passion for photography, which – sign of the times – is now channelled mostly through my iPhone (https://www.flickr.com/photos/95411832@N05/).

Which profession would you choose if you were not a scientist?

Linguist. Always been fascinated by the structure and history of languages.



Surface modification of silicone via colloidal deposition of amphiphilic block copolymers

Polym. Chem., 2014, Advance Article, DOI: 10.1039/C4PY00941J


Cyrille Boyer is a guest web-writer for Polymer Chemistry. He is currently an associate professor and an ARC-Future Fellow in the School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (Australia) and deputy director of the Australian Centre for NanoMedicine.


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Paper of the week: RAFT-prepared α-difunctional poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone)s and their derivatives

Quek et al present the synthesis and effect of end-groups on aqueous inverse temperature solubility of these polymers

A series of five novel R-group di-functional phenyl dithiobenzoates have been prepared and utilized in the controlled reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) radical polymerization of 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone (VDMA), yielding a series of homopolymers of similar average degrees of polymerization but variable α-end group functionality. Each of the reactive polyVDMA homopolymers was reacted with four different small molecule amines: dimethylamine, diethylamine, N,N-diethylethylenediamine and tetrahydrofurfurylamine yielding a series of novel end-functional materials. The effect of the end-groups on the inverse temperature dependent aqueous solubility of the formally hydrophilic homopolymers was then measured and compared to similar materials prepared with benzylpropyltrithiocarbonate as the RAFT agent. In virtually all instances, the introduction of the twin α-end-groups resulted in overall more hydrophobic species that exhibited cloud points spanning the range 25.1–42.7 °C. Importantly, there was a strong influence on the nature of the end groups and the associated solubility characteristics with, in some cases, cloud point behaviour only being observed in polymers with twin end groups while those derived from benzylpropyltrithiocarbonate were fully soluble.

RAFT-prepared α-difunctional poly(2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone)s and their derivatives: synthesis and effect of end-groups on aqueous inverse temperature solubility by Jing Yang Quek, Xuechao Liu, Thomas P. Davis, Peter J. Roth and Andrew B. Lowe Polym. Chem., 2015,6, 118-127

Remzi Becer is a web-writer and advisory board member for Polymer Chemistry. He is currently a Senior Lecturer in Materials Science and the director of the Polymer Science and Nanotechnology masters programme at Queen Mary, University of London. Visit www.becergroup.com for more information.

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