Hot Paper: Directed phase separation of PFO:PS blends during spin-coating using feedback controlled in situ stroboscopic fluorescence microscopy

This article has been made free to access for a short time!

Thin-films of semi-conducting polymers, which are used in the production of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, are commonly prepared by a spin coating method. The performance of these films is highly dependent on their final morphology; however understanding and exercising control over the formation of film morphologies has previously been challenging.

This graphical abstract is animated – please click on the image to view the animation

In this hot paper, Howse and co-workers used high speed stroboscopic fluorescence microscopy to observe directly the development  of phase separated structures in poly(styrene) and poly(9,9’-dioctylfluorene) blends during the spin-coating process. Their feedback-modulated spin coating technique enabled unprecedented control over the thin-film morphology, and presents a route towards increased efficiency in the manufacture of LED and OPV devices.

Directed phase separation of PFO:PS blends during spin-coating using feedback controlled in situ stroboscopic fluorescence microscopy

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013, 1, 3587-3592 DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01530K

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Top 10 most-read Journal of Materials Chemistry B articles in March

This month sees the following Journal of Materials Chemistry B articles that are in the top ten most accessed for March:

Carbon “quantum” dots for optical bioimaging 
Pengju G. Luo, Sushant Sahu, Sheng-Tao Yang, Sumit K. Sonkar, Jinping Wang, Haifang Wang, Gregory E. LeCroy, Li Cao and Ya-Ping Sun 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 2116-2127 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00018D 

Fluorescence imaging of cancer tissue based on metal-free polymeric nanoparticles – a review 
Antje Vollrath, Stephanie Schubert and Ulrich S. Schubert 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1994-2007 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB20089B 

ß-Cyclodextrin-crosslinked alginate gel for patient-controlled drug delivery systems: regulation of host–guest interactions with mechanical stimuli 
Hironori Izawa, Kohsaku Kawakami, Masato Sumita, Yoshitaka Tateyama, Jonathan P. Hilla and Katsuhiko Ariga 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 2155-2161 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00503H 

One-step preparation of nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots from oxidized debris of graphene oxide 
Chaofan Hu, Yingliang Liu, Yunhua Yang, Jianghu Cui, Zirong Huang, Yaling Wang, Lufeng Yang, Haibo Wang, Yong Xiao and Jianhua Rong  
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 39-42 
DOI: 10.1039/C2TB00189F 

Extremely high inhibition activity of photoluminescent carbon nanodots toward cancer cells 
Pin-Che Hsu, Po-Cheng Chen, Chung-Mao Ou, Hsin-Yun Chang and Huan-Tsung Chang 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1774-1781 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00545C 

Nano- and microfabrication for overcoming drug delivery challenges 
Kimberly R. Kam and Tejal  A. Desai
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1878-1884 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00048F 

DNA-functionalized silver nanoclusters as a chemopalette: tunable fluorescence for turn-on detection of cysteine 
Guoliang Liu, Da-Qian Feng, Xiaoyu Mu, Wenjie Zheng, Tianfeng Chen, Li Qi and   Dan Li 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 2128-2131
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB20208A

A facile method to prepare high-performance magnetic and fluorescent bifunctional nanocomposites and their preliminary application in biomolecule detection 
Xiaoqun Gong,  Qi Zhang, Ye Cui, Shengjiang Zhu, Wenya Su, Qiuhua Yang and Jin Chang 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 2098-2106 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB20061B 

Bifunctional quantum dot-decorated Ag@SiO2 nanostructures for simultaneous immunoassays of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface-enhanced fluorescence (SEF) 
Xianfeng Zhang, Xianming Kong, Zhongpeng Lv, Shengwang Zhou and Xuezhong Du 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 2198-2204 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB20069H 

Redox active gels: synthesis, structures and applications 
Xiaofeng Sui,  Xueling Feng, Mark A. Hempenius and   G. Julius Vancso 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1658-1672 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00209H 

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Top 10 most-read Journal of Materials Chemistry A articles in March

This month sees the following Journal of Materials Chemistry A articles that are in the top ten most accessed for March:

Dual-electrolyte lithium–air batteries: influence of catalyst, temperature, and solid-electrolyte conductivity on the efficiency and power density 
Longjun Li and   Arumugam Manthiram 
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 5121-5127 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01241G 

Synthesis of a novel and stable g-C3N4–Ag3PO4 hybrid nanocomposite photocatalyst and study of the photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation
Santosh Kumar, T. Surendar, Arabinda Baruah and Vishnu Shanker 
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 5333-5340 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA00186E 

LiMnPO4– A next generation cathode material for lithium-ion batteries 
Vanchiappan Aravindan, Joe Gnanaraj, Yun-Sung Lee and Srinivasan Madhavi
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 3518-3539 
DOI: 10.1039/C2TA01393B 

Selenophene vs. thiophene in benzothiadiazole-based low energy gap donor–acceptor polymers for photovoltaic applications 
Abdulaziz A. B. Alghamdi, Darren C. Watters, Hunan Yi, Solyman Al-Faifi, Mohammed S. Almeataq, David Coles, James Kingsley, David G. Lidzey and Ahmed Iraqi 
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 5165-5171 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA00122A 

Porous covalent–organic materials: synthesis, clean energy application and design 
Zhonghua Xiang and Dapeng Cao 
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 2691-2718
DOI: 10.1039/C2TA00063F 

Facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped porous carbon for supercapacitors 
Bin Xu, Hui Duan, Mo Chu, Gaoping Cao and Yusheng Yanga
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 4565-4570
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01637D 

A triphenylamine-based four-armed molecule for solution-processed organic solar cells with high photo-voltage 
Qiong Hou, Yiquan Chen, Hongyu Zhen,  Zaifei Ma, Wenbiao Hong, Guang Shi and Fengling Zhang
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 4937-4940 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA10401J 

Sulfur embedded in metal organic framework-derived hierarchically porous carbon nanoplates for high performance lithium–sulfur battery
 
Guiyin Xu, Bing Ding, Laifa Shen,  Ping Nie, Jinpeng Han and Xiaogang Zhang 
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 4490-4496 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA00004D 

Electrospinning of multilevel structured functional micro-/nanofibers and their applications 
Jing Wu, Nü Wang, Yong Zhao and Lei Jiang 
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013, Advance Article 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA10451F 

Recent progress in nanostructured electrocatalysts for PEM fuel cells 
Sheng Zhang, Yuyan Shao, Geping Yin and Yuehe Lin 
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 4631-4641 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01161E 

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Hot Paper: Theoretical understanding of single-stranded DNA assisted dispersion of graphene

This article has been made free to access for a short time!

Functionalisation of graphene by adsorbed single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) enables the dispersion of graphene in aqueous solution.  The resulting composites are of great interest as biomaterials with applications in areas such as molecular diagnostics, biosensors and DNA sequencing. Hence, there is much to be gained from an improved understanding of the interaction between graphene and ssDNA.

In this hot paper, Manna and Pati use atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the structural topology, energetics and electronic structure of ssDNA hybridized with graphene.  They find the adsorption process is influenced by competing π–π stacking interactions, which are highly dependent on the chemical nature of the nucleobase and the sequence type of the ssDNA.  Mixed nucleobase sequence ssDNA is proposed as a better candidate for dispersing graphene than ssDNA containing homologous base sequences.

This research provides a fundamental understanding of the adsorption of ssDNA on graphene, and therefore has important implications for the design of graphene-based biomaterials.

Theoretical understanding of single-stranded DNA assisted dispersion of graphene
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013, 1, 91-100 DOI: 10.1039/C2TB00184E

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Top 10 most-read Journal of Materials Chemistry C articles in February

This month sees the following Journal of Materials Chemistry C articles that are in the top ten most accessed for February:

Development of high performance OLEDs for general lighting
Hisahiro Sasabe and Junji Kido  
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 1699-1707 
DOI: 10.1039/C2TC00584K 

Inkjet printing of organic electronics – comparison of deposition techniques and state-of-the-art developments 
Anke Teichler ,  Jolke Perelaer and Ulrich S. Schubert 
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 1910-1925 
DOI: 10.1039/C2TC00255H 

Bis(carbazolyl) derivatives of pyrene and tetrahydropyrene: synthesis, structures, optical properties, electrochemistry, and electroluminescence 
Bilal R. Kaafarani ,  Ala’a O. El-Ballouli ,  Roman Trattnig ,  Alexandr Fonari ,  Stefan Sax ,  Brigitte Wex ,  Chad Risko ,  Rony S. Khnayzer ,  Stephen Barlow ,  Digambara Patra ,  Tatiana V. Timofeeva ,  Emil J. W. List ,  Jean-Luc Brédas and Seth R. Marder 
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 1638-1650 
DOI: 10.1039/C2TC00474G 

Ferromagnetism in metal oxide systems: interfaces, dopants, and defects 
Vishal P. Thakare ,  Onkar S. Game and Satishchandra B. Ogale  
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 1545-1557 
DOI: 10.1039/C2TC00172A 

Water soluble pentacene 
Chandrani Pramanik ,  Yushu Li ,  Anup Singh ,  Weimin Lin ,  Jennifer L. Hodgson ,  Jonathan B. Briggs ,  Simka Ellis ,  Peter Müller ,  Nicol E. McGruer and Glen P. Miller
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 2193-2201 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TC00278K 

Two-dimensional semiconductors: recent progress and future perspectives 
Xiufeng Song ,  Jinlian Hu and Haibo Zeng 
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 2952-2969 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TC00710C 

Solution-processable graphene oxide as an efficient hole injection layer for high luminance organic light-emitting diodes
Shengwei Shi ,  Veera Sadhu ,  Reda Moubah ,  Guy Schmerber ,  Qinye Bao and S. Ravi P. Silva  
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 1708-1712 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TC00707C 

Fluorinated 9,9′-spirobifluorene derivatives as host materials for highly efficient blue organic light-emitting devices 
Zhanfeng Li ,  Bo Jiao ,  Zhaoxin Wu ,  Peng Liu ,  Lin Ma ,  Xiaoli Lei ,  Dongdong Wang ,  Guijiang Zhou ,  Huaiming Hu and Xun Hou  
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 2183-2192 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TC00466J 

A host material consisting of a phosphinic amide directly linked donor–acceptor structure for efficient blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Atsushi Wada ,  Takuma Yasuda ,  Qisheng Zhang ,  Yu Seok Yang ,  Isao Takasu ,  Shintaro Enomoto and Chihaya Adachi  
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 2404-2407 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TC00939D 

Quantitative X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies: electronic structure elucidation of Cu2S and CuS 
Prashant Kumar ,  Rajamani Nagarajan and Ritimukta Sarangi   
DOI: 10.1039/C3TC00639E 
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2013,1, 2448-2454

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Top 10 most-read Journal of Materials Chemistry B articles in February

This month sees the following Journal of Materials Chemistry B articles that are in the top ten most accessed for February:

Individual inorganic nanoparticles: preparation, functionalization and in vitro biomedical diagnostic applications 
R. Ladj ,  A. Bitar ,  M. Eissa ,  Y. Mugnier ,  R. Le Dantec ,  H. Fessi and A. Elaissari  
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1381-1396 
DOI: 10.1039/C2TB00301E 

Polymorphous ZnO complex architectures: selective synthesis, mechanism, surface area and Zn-polar plane-codetermining antibacterial activity 
Guo-Xiu Tong ,  Fang-Fang Du ,  Yan Liang ,  Qian Hu ,  Ruo-Nan Wu ,  Jian-Guo Guan and Xian Hu  
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 454-463 
DOI: 10.1039/C2TB00132B 

Pure graphene oxide doped conducting polymer nanocomposite for bio-interfacing 
Xiliang Luo ,  Cassandra L. Weaver ,  Susheng Tan and Xinyan Tracy Cui 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1340-1348 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00006K 

Redox active gels: synthesis, structures and applications 
Xiaofeng Sui ,  Xueling Feng ,  Mark A. Hempenius and G. Julius Vancso  
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1658-1672 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00209H 

Hyaluronic acid-conjugated graphene oxide/photosensitizer nanohybrids for cancer targeted photodynamic therapy 
Fangyuan Li ,  Sin-Jung Park ,  Daishun Ling ,  Wooram Park ,  Jung Yeon Han ,  Kun Na and Kookheon Char  
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1678-1686 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00506B 

Highly water-soluble BODIPY-based fluorescent probes for sensitive fluorescent sensing of zinc(ii)
Shilei Zhu ,  Jingtuo Zhang ,  Jagadeesh Janjanam ,  Giri Vegesna ,  Fen-Tair Luo ,  Ashutosh Tiwari and Haiying Liu 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1722-1728 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00249G 

Bionanomaterials for bone tumor engineering and tumor destruction
Gary Blackburn ,  Timothy G. Scott ,  Ilker S. Bayer ,  Anindya Ghosh ,  Alexandru S. Biris and Abhijit Biswas  
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1519-1534 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00536D 

A pH-responsive controlled release system using layered double hydroxide (LDH)-capped mesoporous silica nanoparticles 
Qishan Zheng ,  Yanli Hao ,  Peirong Ye ,  Liangqia Guo ,  Hanyin Wu ,  Qingquan Guo ,  Jinzhi Jiang ,  Fengfu Fu and Guonan Chen 
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1644-1648 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00518F 

Functionalized-chitosan/quantum dot nano-hybrids for nanomedicine applications: towards biolabeling and biosorbing phosphate metabolites 
Herman S. Mansur ,  Alexandra A. P. Mansur ,  Elisabete Curti and Mauro V. De Almeida  
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1696-1711 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00498H 

In situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in butterfly wings for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) 
Zhongde Mu ,  Xiangwei Zhao ,  Zhuoying Xie ,  Yuanjin Zhao ,  Qifeng Zhong ,  Ling Bo and Zhongze Gu  
J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013,1, 1607-1613 
DOI: 10.1039/C3TB00500C 

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11th International Conference on Materials Chemistry (MC11) deadlines approaching soon

Deadline dates for the 11th International Conference on Materials Chemistry (MC11) are fast approaching:

Poster abstract submission – 10 May
Early bird registration – 24 May

Act now to:

Submit your poster abstract
Secure an Early bird discount – £50 saving on the standard fee

Calling academic and industrial scientists working on the chemistry, physics and materials science of functional materials – come and take part in this exciting conference.

Hear the best in the field and take advantage of many opportunities for discussion with other researchers in materials chemistry

For more information visit: http://rsc.li/mc11

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Top 10 most-read Journal of Materials Chemistry A articles in February

This month sees the following Journal of Materials Chemistry A articles that are in the top ten most accessed for February:

Self-assembly of Ni–Fe layered double hydroxide/graphene hybrids for reducing fire hazard in epoxy composites
Xin Wang ,  Shun Zhou ,  Weiyi Xing ,  Bin Yu ,  Xiaming Feng ,  Lei Song and Yuan Hu
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 4383-4390
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA00035D

Nanostructured morphology control for efficient supercapacitor electrodes
Sheng Chen ,  Wei Xing ,  Jingjing Duan ,  Xijun Hu and Shi Zhang Qiao
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 2941-2954
DOI: 10.1039/C2TA00627H

LiMnPO4– A next generation cathode material for lithium-ion batteries
Vanchiappan Aravindan ,  Joe Gnanaraj ,  Yun-Sung Lee and Srinivasan Madhavi
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 3518-3539
DOI: 10.1039/C2TA01393B

Mechanically alloyed composite anode materials based on SiO–Sn x Fe y C z for Li-ion batteries
Bo Liu ,  Ali Abouimrane ,  Dennis E. Brown ,  Xiaofeng Zhang ,  Yang Ren ,  Zhigang Zak Fang and Khalil Amine
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 4376-4382
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA00101F

Facile synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles dispersed nitrogen doped graphene anode material for ultrahigh capacity lithium ion battery applications
B. P. Vinayan and S. Ramaprabhu
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 3865-3871
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01515G

Self-assembly of nanostructures towards transparent, superhydrophobic surfaces
Yudi Rahmawan ,  Lebo Xu and Shu Yang
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 2955-2969
DOI: 10.1039/C2TA00288D

Porous covalent–organic materials: synthesis, clean energy application and design
Zhonghua Xiang and Dapeng Cao
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 2691-2718
DOI: 10.1039/C2TA00063F

Theoretical investigation of Li2MnSiO4 as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries: a DFT study
Mohammad Mahdi Kalantarian ,  Sirous Asgari and Piercarlo Mustarelli
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 2847-2855
DOI: 10.1039/C2TA01363K

Synthesis of microporous organic polymers with high CO2-over-N2 selectivity and CO2 adsorption
Chao Xu and Niklas Hedin
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 3406-3414
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01160G

Novel D–p–A structured porphyrin dyes with diphenylamine derived electron-donating substituents for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells

Sung Ho Kang ,  In Taek Choi ,  Min Soo Kang ,  Yu Kyung Eom ,  Myong Jong Ju ,  Ji Yeoun Hong ,  Hong Seok Kang and Hwan Kyu Kim
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 3977-3982
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA01128C

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Hot Paper: Bioreducible polypeptide micelles for chemotherapy

The use of antitumour drugs has always been problematic due to the risk of severe side-effects consistent with such cytotoxic compounds. A logical method of reducing side effects is to exercise more control over the deployment of drugs, ensuring that they are only delivered to cancer cells and not across the entire body. The first stage in the development of such a system is the design of biocompatible drug carriers.

Drug carriers must be designed in such a way that they do not interfere with the therapeutic action of the drug yet also be sufficiently resilient that their payload is not released before their cellular destination. A solution to this is to use a chemical trigger that exploits differences in the extracellular and intracellular environments. One such difference is redox potential. Inside the cell, the concentration of the thiol-containing tripeptide glutathione (GSH) is around one order of magnitude higher than it is outside the cell. Disulfides (-S-S-) can be rapidly degraded by GSH meaning that structures that contain them are extremly unstable inside the cell yet remain completely stable in the mildly oxidising conditions found in the extracellular milieu.

Ding et al. prepared micelles consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(ε-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine) (PZLL) linked by a disulfide group. Upon entering the cell, it was envisaged that the fission of the disulfide would greatly undermine the structural integrity of the micelle. The carriers formed were of the order of 100 nm in size and were loaded with the drug Doxorubicon (DOX). In a non-reducing environment more than 50% of the drug was held after sixty hours; in the presence of GSH less than 10% was held demonstrating the effectiveness of the trigger. In vitro efficacy of the micelles was demonstrated using cellular imaging and the biocompatibility of the micelles was found to be extremely high.

Biocompatible reduction-responsive polypeptide micelles as nanocarriers for enhanced chemotherapy efficacy in vitro

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2013, 1, 69.  DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00063f

James Serginson is a guest web writer for the Journal of Materials Chemistry blog. He currently works at Imperial College London carrying out research into nanocomposites.

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Mesoporous materials from macroalgae: Journal of Materials Chemistry A article in Chemistry World

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It is estimated that less than 1% of the world’s macroalgae biomass is currently utilised but UK scientists have found a use for some of it – in the preparation of highly mesoporous materials.

Mesoporous materials have a variety of applications including catalysts and drug delivery systems. Previously, other biomass sources, such as peas, potatoes and corn, have been considered for use in the production of mesoporous materials. However, by using seaweed as the biomass source, James Clark, and co-workers, at the University of York, UK, managed to form mesoporous material, without the need for costly processes, such as supercritical carbon dioxide drying.

Read the full article in Chemistry World


Shaped mesoporous materials from fresh macroalgae

J. R. Dodson ,  V. L. Budarin ,  A. J. Hunt ,  P. S. Shuttleworth and J. H. Clark
J. Mater. Chem. A, 2013,1, 5203-5207
DOI: 10.1039/C3TA10568G

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