Congratulations to the poster prize winners at NSC2014

Congratulations to the poster prize winners at NSC2014 (16th Nordic Symposium on Catalysis). Green Chemistry and Catalysis Science & Technology were pleased to sponsor a poster prize each at the symposium, which were awarded as follows:

Green Chemistry poster prize
awarded to Aron Dombovari, University of Oulu
for “Photocatalytic processing of algae

Catalysis Science & Technology poster prize
awarded to Jacob O. Abildstrøm, Technical University of Denmark
for “Investigation of Mesoporous TS-1 for the Catalytic Formation of N-oxides

The prize winners received a certificate and a book from Royal Society of Chemistry Books.

You can read more about the Poster Award and find out about the Nordic Symposium on the UiO website.

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New articles added to 15 years of Green Chemistry web collection

To mark the occasion of Green Chemistry completing fifteen years of publication we invited contributions from authors who have had highly cited articles from each of the past 15 years. The result is a growing web collection covering topics of current importance in green chemistry from those who have contributed to developing the field. Details of the contributors, their highly cited article from the year they are representing, and their recent contribution are below.

Two recent additions to the collection are from Professor Chinzia Chiappe (University of Pisa), and Dr Peter Dunn (Pfizer).

Professor Chiappe’s 2006  article Acute toxicity of ionic liquids to the zebrafish (Danio rerio)is amongst the highest that year. She has continued on this ionic liquids theme by contributing to the 15 years of Green Chemsitry collection a Critical Review asking  Are ionic liquids a proper solution to current environmental challenges?

In 2007, Dr Dunn was the lead author on a Perspective article produced from the ACS GCI Pharmaceutical Roundable entitled Key green chemistry research areas—a perspective from pharmaceutical manufacturers. His contribution to the 15 years of Green Chemistry collection is another Perspective with an Industrial themePharmaceutical Green Chemistry process changes – how long does it take to obtain regulatory approval?’.

All of these articles are free to access until the end of July 2014. The 15 Years of Green Chemistry collection will be added to throughout 2014 and you can access the articles by clicking on the titles below, or look at the full collection of recent articles online here.

Year 15 Years of Green Chemistry Contribution Original Highly Cited Article
1999 Journey on greener pathways: from the use of alternate energy inputs and benign reaction media to sustainable applications of nano-catalysts in synthesis and environmental remediation
Rajender S. Varma, 2014, Perspective
Solvent-free organic syntheses. using supported reagents and microwave irradiation, Rajender S. Varma, 1999, Paper
2000 Food waste biomass: a resource for high-value chemicals
Lucie A. Pfaltzgraff, Mario De bruyn, Emma C. Cooper, Vitaly Budarin and James H. Clark, 2013, Perspective
Preparation of a novel silica-supported palladium catalyst and its use in the Heck reaction
James H. Clark, Duncan J. Macquarrie and Egid B. Mubofu, 2000, Paper
2001 Mixing ionic liquids – “simple mixtures” or “double salts”?
Gregory Chatel, Jorge F. B. Pereira, Varun Debbeti, Hui Wang and Robin D. Rogers, 2014, Critical Review
Characterization and comparison of hydrophilic and hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquids incorporating the imidazolium cation, Jonathan G. Huddleston, Ann E. Visser, W. Matthew Reichert, Heather D. Willauer, Grant A. Broker and Robin D. Rogers, 2001, paper
2005 Green and sustainable manufacture of chemicals from biomass: state of the art
Roger A. Sheldon, 2014, Critical Review
Green solvents for sustainable organic synthesis: state of the art
Roger A. Sheldon, 2005, Critical Review
2006 Are ionic liquids a proper solution to current environmental challenges?
Giorgio Cevasco and Cinzia Chiappe, 2014, Critical Review
Acute toxicity of ionic liquids to the zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Carlo Pretti, Cinzia Chiappe, Daniela Pieraccini, Michela Gregori, Francesca Abramo, Gianfranca Monni and Luigi Intorre, 2006, Communication
2007 Pharmaceutical Green Chemistry process changes – how long does it take to obtain regulatory approval?
Peter J. Dunn, 2013, Perspective
Key green chemistry research areas—a perspective from pharmaceutical manufacturers
David J. C. Constable, Peter J. Dunn, John D. Hayler, Guy R. Humphrey, Johnnie L. Leazer, Jr., Russell J. Linderman, Kurt Lorenz, Julie Manley, Bruce A. Pearlman, Andrew Wells, Aleksey Zaks and Tony Y. Zhang, 2007, Perspective
2008 Towards resource efficient chemistry: Tandem reactions with renewables
Arno Behr, Andreas Johannes Vorholt, Thomas Seidensticker and Karoline Anna Ostrowski, 2013, Critical Review
Improved utilisation of renewable resources: New important derivatives of glycerol
Arno Behr, Jens Eilting, Ken Irawadi, Julia Leschinski and Falk Lindner, 2008, Critical Review
2009 Conversion of glucose and cellulose into value-added products in water and ionic liquids
Jinliang Song, Honglei Fan, Jun Ma and Buxing, 2013, Tutorial Review
Efficient conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural catalyzed by a common Lewis acid SnCl4 in an ionic liquid
Suqin Hu, Zhaofu Zhang, Jinliang Song, Yinxi Zhou and Buxing Han, 2009, Communication
2011 Conversion of biomass platform molecules into fuel additives and liquid hydrocarbon fuels
Maria J. Climent, Avelino Corma and Sara Iborra, 2014, Critical Review
Converting carbohydrates to bulk chemicals and fine chemicals over heterogeneous catalysts
Maria J. Climent, Avelino Corma and Sara Iborra, 2011, Critical Review
2012 Continuous process technology: a tool for sustainable production
Charlotte Wiles and Paul Watts, 2014, Tutorial Review
Continuous flow reactors: a perspective
Charlotte Wiles and Paul Watts, 2012, Tutorial Review
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Wool Keratin Solubility in Ionic Liquids

Wool waste from the manufacturing of textiles is a renewable source of the biopolymer, keratin. The cysteine building blocks of keratin give rise to hydrogen bonding and covalent disulfide bonds; thus, harsh conditions or toxic reagents are required for its processing in conventional solvents. Alternative media, such as ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents, have been investigated for the processing of cellulose and lignin. Polypeptide-based keratin from Merino wool, on the other hand, may be used to produce protein fiber, but is less widely studied. In this paper, ILs and deep eutectic solvents were evaluated for their ability to dissolve wool keratin, and the regenerated material was characterized.

The researchers discovered that the wool did not appreciably dissolve in any of the deep eutectic solvents tested. In contrast, ILs were effective solvents and the solubility of wool was enhanced by adding 2-mercaptoethanol as a reducing agent. Characterization data revealed that the structure of the regenerated wool was altered from the raw material by a loss of crystallinity. Breakdown of the protein into smaller, water-soluble fragments also occurred, but this material could not be separated from the ILs.

Dissolution and regeneration of wool keratin in ionic liquids
Azila Idris, R. Vijayaraghavan, Usman Ali Rana, A.F. Patti, and D. R. MacFarlane
Green Chem. 2014, 16, 2857.
DOI: 10.1039/C4GC00213J

Jenna Flogeras obtained her B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Chemistry from the University of New Brunswick (Fredericton), Canada. Currently a Ph.D. student at Memorial University of Newfoundland, she is excited to spend some time outside the laboratory this summer to explore Thailand and Southeast Asia.

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5th International IUPAC Conference on Green Chemistry

The 5th IUPAC International Conference on Green Chemistry will be taking place August 17–21 2014, in Durban, South Africa.

The main objective of the conference is to emphasize the importance of green chemistry for sustainable development, and to promote novel research and collaborations, by bringing together experts and interested parties from all over the world and from diverse bodies – from the academia to the industry and to governments.

The conference will be a multidisciplinary event considering all the major areas of green chemistry, including green synthesis processes, catalysis, environmentally benign solvents, energy storage, biofuels, green chemistry education, policies, and many other interesting topics. Interfaces with other sciences and other research areas will be actively encouraged. Special attention will also be given to the roles of green chemistry in fast-growing economies and to the promotion of green chemistry in the African continent.

Confirmed plenary speakers include:

  • Peter Mahaffy, King’s University College, Canada
  • Claudio Mota, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
  • Bruno Pollet, University of the Western Cape, South Africa
  • Pietro Tundo, Ca’Foscari University, Italy
  • Tao Zhang, Institute of Chemical Physics, China

The conference will also feature a special keynote talk and medal presentation to our 2014 Green Chemistry Award winner, Professor Mike North from the University of York.

The conference is being supported by the RSC‘s Pan Africa Chemistry Network, which aims to help African countries to integrate into regional, national and internation scientific networks. The PACN has awarded a number of bursaries for African scientists to attend this conference. It is also sponsoring a number of plenary speakers.

The deadline for registration is June 30 2014.

For more information and to register, please visit the website: www.saci.co.za/greenchem2014

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A cellulose/superbase catalyst for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates

A wide variety of metal complexes act as efficient catalysts for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides; organic bases, such as pyridine, are often useful co-catalysts in the reaction. Metal-free catalyst systems are also effective, and polymers having abundant hydroxyl groups, such as cellulose, are known to catalyze cycloaddition when combined with an alkali metal halide. Building upon these findings, researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences have developed a metal-free and halide-free catalyst system using a combination of a superbase and a hydrogen bond donor.

Among the bases and hydrogen bond donors investigated, a cellulose-DBU catalyst system exhibited the highest conversion to propylene carbonate. Optimization of the reaction conditions led to a further study using an array of terminal epoxides; the highest yield and selectivity was observed for ethylene oxide, with lower yields for more sterically hindered substrates. The catalyst system also proved to be recyclable for up to four trials without an appreciable loss of activity or selectivity.

Read the full article now:

Superbase/cellulose: an environmentally benign catalyst for chemical fixation of carbon dioxide into cyclic carbonates
Jian Sun, Weiguo Cheng, Zifeng Yang, Jinquan Wang, Tingting Xu, Jiayu Xin and Suojiang Zhang
Green Chem. 2014, Advance Article, DOI: 10.1039/C3GC41850B

Jenna Flogeras obtained her B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Chemistry from the University of New Brunswick (Fredericton), Canada. Currently a Ph.D. student at Memorial University of Newfoundland, she is excited to spend some time outside the laboratory this summer to explore Thailand and Southeast Asia.

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“Sustainability in Chemistry” – September 28-30, 2014, Erlangen, Germany

In their biannual meeting, the division “Sustainable Chemistry” within the German Chemical Society (GDCh) will discuss all topics related to sustainable and green chemistry, methodology, synthesis and processes. In the upcoming meeting autumn 2014, the scientific focus will lie on:

  • Sustainable Synthesis Including Catalysis and Biotechnology
  • Green solvents
  • Renewable Feedstocks
  • Sustainable Macromolecular Chemistry
  • “Assessment and politics”, Green chemistry education

 The submission of both poster and oral contributions via the conference website is now open

 https://www.chemie.uni-erlangen.de/suschem2014/

 Invited lectures

  • Shu Kobayashi, Tokyo, J
  • Ulf Hanefeld, Delft, NL, “From sp2 to sp3 utilising enzymes”
  • Konrad Hungerbühler, ETH Zürich, Ch, “Sustainability Indicators in Chemistry”
  • Cor Koning, Eindhoven, NL, “New developments in sustainable and renewable coating materials”
  • Bert Sels, Leuven, BE, “A lignocellulosic biorefinery concept in Leuven: a chemist’s view”
  • Matthias Beller, Rostock, D,  “Chemistry goes Green: Technologies for the Development of a Sustainable Society “
  • Michael Dreja, Henkel AG & Co KGaA, Düsseldorf, D, “Sustainable detergents – where are we on our way towards 2030?”
  • Harald Gröger, Bielefeld, D, “Combination of the two “worlds” chemo- and biocatalysis towards one-pot processes in water”
  • Burkhard König, Regensburg, D, “Chemical photocatalysis using visible light”
  • Andreas Künkel, Biopolymers , BASF, D, “Symbiosis of Chemistry and Biology: BASF’s Biodegradable and Renewable Polymers”
  • Uwe Lahl, Darmstadt, D, “Indirect Land Use Change ( iLUC)”
  • Alexander Vyhnal, STAEDTLER Mars GmbH & Co. KG, D, “WOPEX – A sustainable materials innovation by STAEDTLER”
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Inexpensive ionic liquids: Process intensification the key to affordability

James Sherwood is a guest web-writer for Green Chemistry. James is a research associate in the Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence at the University of York. His interests range from the certification and application of bio-based products, to the understanding of solvent effects in organic synthesis.

Green Chemistry DOI: 10.1039/C4GC00016AIonic liquids have been touted as green solvents since even before the definition of green chemistry was presented in Anastas and Warner’s seminal text. Academic research on ionic liquids, across many varied applications, is a strong and still growing area of interest. Despite this, the commercialisation of ionic liquid products, and their utilisation as solvents in manufacturing processes, has been limited because of their high costs.

In this latest work from Jason Hallett and colleagues from Imperial College London, the economic feasibility of two ionic liquids synthesized by acid–base neutralization has been assessed. It was found that process intensification dramatically reduces the end cost of these ionic liquids, and is recommended in this latest work as a means of reducing the cost of ionic liquids so that their potential in commercial applications may be realised.

The prices of triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate and 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate produced with optimised manufacturing methods are estimated to be as little as $1.24 kg−1 and $2.96 kg−1 respectively, which are largely dictated by the raw material costs. These prices are similar to conventional organic solvents such as acetone, while at present typical ionic liquid prices can be two orders of magnitude greater than this. The authors conclude that  more effort should be dedicated to developing new ionic liquids that can be synthesised from affordable raw materials in very few steps.

Inexpensive ionic liquids: [HSO4]-based solvent production at bulk scale

L. Chen et al., Green Chem., 2014. DOI: 10.1039/C4GC00016A

http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2014/gc/c4gc00016a#!divAbstract

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Flue gas reclaimed as polymer feedstock

Jennifer Newton writes about a Green Chemistry article in Chemistry World

The first systematic environmental assessment of an industrial plant that produces polyols from carbon dioxide has revealed that they significantly reduce both carbon dioxide emissions and the demand on fossil fuel reserves.

Polyols are the major component of polyurethanes, which make up foams or thermoplastic urethanes in a wide range of applications from mattresses to ski boots. Most polymers are made from fossil fuel-based feedstocks.

To read more on this article please visit Chemistry World.

Life cycle assessment of polyols for polyurethane production using CO2 as feedstock: insights from an industrial case study
Niklas von der Assen and André Bardow  
Green Chem., 2014,16, 3272-3280
DOI: 10.1039/C4GC00513A

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10th International Conference on Renewable Resources & Biorefineries

The 10th International Conference on Renewable Resources and Biorefineries is taking place on June 4-6, 2014 in Valladoid, Spain. A range of delegates from university, industry, governmental and non-governmental organizations and venture capital providers will present their views on industrial biotechnology, sustainable (green) chemistry and agricultural policy related to the use of renewable raw materials for non-food applications and energy supply.

The conference further aims to provide an overview of the scientific, technical, economic, environmental and social issues of renewable resources and biorefineries to give an impetus to the biobased economy and to present new developments in this area. The conference will provide a forum for leading political, corporate, academic and financial people to discuss recent developments and set up collaborations.

The three day international conference will consist of plenary lectures and oral presentations by international experts, a poster session and an exhibition. Companies and research organizations are also offered the opportunity to organize a satellite symposium. Around 400 international participants are expected from over 30 countries.

A great line-up of speakers has been confirmed, with the following as just a small selection:

  • Prof. Richard Wool, University of Delaware, USA
  • Prof. Karen Wilson, European Bioenergy Research Institute
  • Prof. Eric Beckmann, University of Pittsburgh, USA
  • Prof. Yusuf Christi, Massey University, New Zealand

There’s still time to sign up with pre-registration closing on June 1, 2014.

Visit the website for more information and to register: www.rrbconference.com/rrb-10-welcome

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Freeze-dried cells make better biocatalysts

Jenifer Mizen writes about a Green Chemistry article in Chemistry World

A biocatalytic cascade using mashed-up cells has overcome extraction and solubility problems associated with using enzymes in chemical syntheses.

Enzymes are excellent catalysts for making chiral molecules. One-pot reactions under mild conditions are often possible with more than one catalyst, allowing multi-step syntheses in one go. But if enzymes are used as catalysts, they have to be extracted and purified, and expensive co-factors often need to be added. There are also solubility issues: enzymes are usually most active in buffers, but many of their substrates are hydrophobic, limiting the productivity of the biotransformation because the substrate won’t dissolve in aqueous buffers.

It is thought that the cell envelope helps to stabilise the enzymes in organic solvent

 To read more on this article please visit Chemistry World.

A two-step biocatalytic cascade in micro-aqueous medium: using whole cells to obtain high concentrations of a vicinal diol
Andre Jakoblinnerta and Dörte Rother  
Green Chem., 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4GC00010B

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