Archive for the ‘Hot Articles’ Category

HOT: New passive air samplers for long-term monitoring of POPs

Choosing the right sorbent materials for passive air samplers is vital for monitoring persistent organic pollutants (POPs) over long time periods. Jasmin Schuster and Kevin Jones from the University of Lancaster joined forces with colleagues from the Meteorological Service of Canada and Environment Canada to test out passive samplers in a year-long field study.

Discover what they found out and read the article  – FREE to access for 4 weeks.

Assessment of sorbent impregnated PUF disks (SIPs) for long-term sampling of legacy POPs

Jasmin K. Schuster, Rosalinda Gioia, Tom Harner, Sum Chi Lee, Knut Breivik and Kevin C. Jones
J. Environ. Monit., 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10697J, Paper

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PAHs in fog and fingerprinting oil spills on the cover of Issue 11

The hot articles on our cover this month are from Xiang Li and Jiamin Chen (Fudan University) and Zhendi Wang (Environment Canada).

The futuristic image on the outside front cover image highlights the work from Li et al on solid-phase microextraction (SPME) analysis of PAHs in fog.  Polluted fog is a serious problem in Shanghai, where the study took place, and this research should provide a basis for better understanding of PAHs in fog-rain events.

Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fog–rain events
Xiang Li, Pengfei Li, Lili Yan, Jianmin Chen, Tiantao Cheng and Shifen Xu
J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 2988-2993
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10543D

On the inside front cover another serious environmental issue is highlighted – oil spills.  Wang et al present a case study of the 2009 Sarnia (Ontario) spill, using GC and GC-MS to characterize the chemical composition and determine the source of the oil spill by identifying oil ‘fingerprints’ through characteristic biomarkers and statistical correlation of target diagnostic ratios.

Forensic fingerprinting and source identification of the 2009 Sarnia (Ontario) oil spill
Zhendi Wang, C. Yang, Z. Yang, J. Sun, B. Hollebone, C. Brown and M. Landriault
J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 3004-3017
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10620A

View the rest of Issue 11 including a Focus article on the current state of the art in passive sampling devices

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HOT: 2D gas chromatography TOF mass spectrometry to identify organic compounds in aerosols

Marja-Liisa Riekkola at the University of Helsinki and coworkers have used a new two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF-MS) method to screen and provide a semi-quantitative analysis of organic compounds in aerosol particles.

Analytes in 30 nm, 50 nm and total suspended particles, collected at 3 different timepoints, were identified by comparison to reference libraries and classified by main functional group or element.  The classifications allowed the authors to successfully clarify particle composition and determine the influence of particle size on the composition of the different sized particles.  They found that the number of compounds increased with increasing particle size, whereas the normalized response factor decreased, aldehydes being the exception.

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography, a valuable technique for screening and semiquantitation of different chemical compounds in ultrafine 30 nm and 50 nm aerosol particles
José Ruiz-Jiménez, Jevgeni Parshintsev, Totti Laitinen, Kari Hartonen, Marja-Liisa Riekkola, Tuukka Petäjä and Markku Kulmala
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10486A

This hot paper is currently free to access (following a simple registration for individual users), so why not take a look if aerosols and atmospheric chemistry are your area?

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Hot article: Exposure of workers in aluminium smelters to beryllium

Data published in recent years has raised concern that the current occupational exposure limits (OELs) may not be low enough to protect workers from the toxic effects of exposure to beryllium.  Beryllium is present in aluminium ores, and therefore workers in the primary production process of aluminium may be at risk from exposure, even at low levels, to Be.

Yngvar Thomassen and coworkers have investigated the exposure of workers across 7 Norwegian aluminium smelters, collecting a total of 480 samples across two sampling campaigns.  Water soluble Be, Al, F and Na inhalable, thoracic and respirable aerosol fractions were determined, providing information on the amount and composition of the particulate matter which will be useful in better understanding the potential risks of occupational Be exposure.

Download the full article to read the authors discussion of  their results and potential implications – this hot article is currently free to access for 4 weeks:

Occupational exposure to beryllium in primary aluminium production
Nils Petter Skaugset, Dag G. Ellingsen, Kari Dahl, Ivar Martinsen, Lars Jordbekken, Per Arne Drabløs and Yngvar Thomassen
J. Environ. Monit., 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10539F

This article is part of our forthcoming collection from the AIRMON 2011 conference, the 7th International Symposium on Modern Principles for Air Monitoring and Biomonitoring held on June 19–23 this year in Loen, Norway.  Check back soon for more hot articles in the collection.

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On the cover: mapping mercury in snow

On the cover of Issue 10 is Frank Wania’s hot article on mapping the fate of mercury in artificial snow, under carefully controlled laboratory conditions.

Mercury fate in ageing and melting snow: Development and testing of a controlled laboratory system
Erin Mann, Torsten Meyer, Carl P. J. Mitchell and Frank Wania

The issue also contains the regular item from Mike Sharpe on the latest news from industry, legislation and the literature, and news from China from our Associate Editor, Liang-Hong Guo.

View the issue

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The role of ‘Big Society’ in monitoring the state of the natural environment

In a time of cuts to science funding, Colin Mackechnie and colleagues at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, UK, look at the role that volunteers can play in environmental monitoring.

They review available literature on the use of ‘citizen science’ for environmental monitoring and highlight important issues surrounding the use of volunteers – such as limited technical expertise or access to equipment, incomplete monitoring due to geographical restraints or lack of interest in certain areas of science and difficulties coordinating and exchanging information.

It’s not all doom and gloom though – the authors also give examples of successful volunteer monitoring work and conclude that ‘the current engagement of volunteers in UK monitoring provides valuable data’.

Interested?  Why not take a look on a interesting community solution to the big funding problem:

The role of ‘Big Society’ in monitoring the state of the natural environment
Colin Mackechnie, Lindsay Maskell, Lisa Norton and David Roy
J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 2687-2691
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10615E

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HOT: Quality controlled snow – a highly controlled experimental system for studying the fate of mercury in snow

The Environment is a messy, disordered, inherently inhomogeneous place hardly conducive to conducting precise scientific studies.  Which is unfortunate  when we need to know detailed information about how chemicals interact with our surroundings.  Mercury is a good example, a serious pollutant, but it has so many possible reactions in the environment that studying field samples can give even the most methodical researcher a headache.

In this hot paper Frank Wania et al. at the University of Toronto have sort to reduce the chaos by creating a highly controlled experimental system for studying the fate of mercury in snow.  They create, age and melt snow contaminated with mercury and with a variety of compositions to allow a detailed mechanistic study of the fate of the pollutant.

Read their detailed study, which includes a candid discussion of its potential and limitations, here.  It’s free to access for the next 4 weeks:

Mercury fate in ageing and melting snow: Development and testing of a controlled laboratory system
Erin Mann, Torsten Meyer, Carl P. J. Mitchell and Frank Wania
J. Environ. Monit., 2011, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10297D

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HOT: analysing roadway runoff – the micron problem

Determining the particle size distribution and particle fractionation of particles in roadway runoff is important as they carry potent organic and inorganic pollutants. To date however, no standardised, accurate method exists for analysing the micron-sized particles.

In this HOT paper Masoud Kayhanian and Brandon Givens from the University of California have compared the ability of filter paper and sieving filtration methods to determine PSDs and concentrations, finding that the commonly used method (paper filtration) is anything but accurate.

Read their full assessment of the level of inaccuracy of paper filtration here – the article is free to access for 4 weeks:

Processing and analysis of roadway runoff micro (< 20 μm) particles
Masoud Kayhanian and Brandon Givens
J. Environ. Monit., 2011, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10375J

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HOT: biomarkers for correlating trace metal exposure and infertility

Researchers from the State University of New York, the University of California and the New York Department of Health are trying to understand the effects of long term trace exposure to metal contaminants on human reproductive health.  In this hot paper, they have sought to identify which non-essential trace elements found, for example, in food and drinking water might be used as biomarkers to assess associations between exposure and fertility treatment endpoints.

Michael S. Bloom and colleagues studied a group of men and women currently undergoing IVF treatments and have identified 11 metals, including arsenic, copper and cadmium,  that are appropriate background exposure biomarkers.  For full details of the study download the article – it’s free to access for the next four weeks:

Biomonitoring for exposure to multiple trace elements via analysis of urine from participants in the Study of Metals and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (SMART)
Keewan Kim, Amy J. Steuerwald, Patrick J. Parsons, Victor Y. Fujimoto, Richard W. Browne and Michael S. Bloom
J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 2413-2419
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10341E

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HOT: qPCR for faster measure of water quality

E. coli and enterococci are commonly used to indicate water quality and associated health risks in the US, but current methods to determine the densities of these bacteria in samples rely on cell culture methods that can take up to 23 hours to complete.

In this hot paper Samuel Dorevitch, University of Illinois, and colleagues have evaluated the potential of qPCR for determining levels of the bacteria.  The speed at which qPCR is completed means that samples can be turned around within a day – which would be invaluable for beach managers to reduce exposure of the public to waterborne pathogens.

For full details of this extensive study download the article – it’s currently free to access for 4 weeks:

A comparison of rapid and conventional measures of indicator bacteria as predictors of waterborne protozoan pathogen presence and density
Samuel Dorevitch, Mary Doi, Fu-Chih Hsu, King-Teh Lin, Jennifer D. Roberts, Li C. Liu, Ross Gladding, Ember Vannoy, Hong Li, Margit Javor and Peter A. Scheff
J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 2427-2435
DOI: 10.1039/C1EM10379B

Sunday 18th Sept all day and performances 23/24/30th Sept &1st Oct from 5 ish
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