EES Issue 5 of 2013 out now!

The latest issue of EES is now online. You can read the full issue here.

The outside front cover features the Perspective article Towards high-performance polymer-based thermoelectric materials by Ming He, Feng Qiu and Zhiqun Lin.

Detection and role of trace impurities in high-performance organic solar cells is the article highlighted on the inside front cover by Maxim P. Nikiforov, Barry Lai, Wei Chen, Si Chen, Richard D. Schaller, Joseph Strzalka, Jörg Maser and Seth B. Darling. 

Issue 5 contains the following Review and Perspective articles:

Graphene and its derivatives for the development of solar cells, photoelectrochemical, and photocatalytic applications
Da Chen, Hao Zhang, Yang Liu and Jinghong Li  

Graphene-based electrodes for electrochemical energy storage
Chaohe Xu, Binghui Xu, Yi Gu, Zhigang Xiong, Jing Sun and X. S. Zhao  

Lactic acid as a platform chemical in the biobased economy: the role of chemocatalysis
Michiel Dusselier, Pieter Van Wouwe, Annelies Dewaele, Ekaterina Makshina and Bert F. Sels  

Highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells: progress and future challenges
Shufang Zhang, Xudong Yang, Youhei Numata and Liyuan Han  

Fancy submitting an article to EES? Then why not submit to us today!

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Nanogenerators: High impact research from Energy & Environmental Science

energy & environmental scienceWe would like to share with you a selection of very recent high impact articles, published in Energy & Environmental Science covering the range of applications of nanogenerators in the fields of energy and the environment.

On behalf of Editor-in-Chief Nathan Lewis (Caltech) we invite you to submit your best research to Energy & Environmental Science.

Energy & Environmental Science ranked #1 in its field. With an Impact Factor of 9.61, which is rising fast, it the ideal place to publish your research.

Read this high-impact nanogenerator research today (some of which is free to access for a limited period):

Reviews

FREE: Nanotechnology-enabled flexible and biocompatible energy harvesting
Yi Qi and Michael C. McAlpine
DOI: 10.1039/C0EE00137F

FREE: Nanostructured solar cells harvesting multi-type energies
Liang Li, Shimou Chen, Xuebin Wang, Yoshio Bando and Dmitri Golberg
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE03226K

Original Research

FREE: Simultaneously Harvesting Mechanical and Chemical Energies by a Hybrid Cell for Self-Powered Biosensors and Personal Electronics
Ya Yang, Hulin Zhang, Jun Chen, Sangmin Lee, Te-Chien Hou and Zhonglin Wang
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE40764K

FREE: Highly sensitive stretchable transparent piezoelectric nanogenerators
Ju-Hyuck Lee, Keun Young Lee, Brijesh Kumar, Nguyen Thanh Tien, Nae-Eung Lee and Sang-Woo Kim
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE23530G

FREE: Engineering of efficiency limiting free carriers and an interfacial energy barrier for an enhancing piezoelectric generation
Jung Inn Sohn, Seung Nam Cha, Byong Gwon Song, Sanghyo Lee, Seong Min Kim, JiYeon Ku, Hyun Jin Kim, Young Jun Park, Byoung Lyong Choi, Zhong Lin Wang, Jong Min Kim and Kinam Kim
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE23404A

FREE: Paper-based Nanogenerator As Power Source and Active Sensor
Qize Zhong, Junwen Zhong, Bin Hu, Qiyi Hu, Jun Zhou and Zhonglin Wang
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE40592C

FREE: Self-powered environmental sensor system driven by nanogenerators
Minbaek Lee, Joonho Bae, Joohyung Lee, Churl-Seung Lee, Seunghun Hong and Zhong Lin Wang
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE01558C

FREE: Reliable operation of a nanogenerator under ultraviolet light via engineering piezoelectric potential Thanh Toan Pham, Keun Young Lee, Ju-Hyuck Lee, Kwon-Ho Kim, Kyung-Sik Shin, Manoj K. Gupta, Brijesh Kumar and Sang-Woo Kim
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE23980A

A self-powered electrochromic device driven by a nanogenerator
Xiaohong Yang, Guang Zhu, Sihong Wang, Rui Zhang, Long Lin, Wenzhou Wu and Zhonglin Wang
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE23194H

Enhancement of piezoelectricity via electrostatic effects on a textile platform
Hyunjin Kim, Seong Min Kim, Hyungbin Son, Hyeok Kim, BoongIk Park, JiYeon Ku, Jung Inn Sohn, Kyuhyun Im, Jae Eun Jang, Jong-Jin Park, Ohyun Kim, SeungNam Cha and Young Jun Park
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22744D

A high performance PZT ribbon-based nanogenerator using graphene transparent electrodes
Junggou Kwon, Wanchul Seung, Bhupendra K. Sharma, Sang-Woo Kim and Jong-Hyun Ahn
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22251E

Nanogenerator as an active sensor for vortex capture and ambient wind-velocity detection
Rui Zhang, Long Lin, Qingshen Jing, Wenzhuo Wu, Yan Zhang, Zongxia Jiao, Liang Yan, Ray P. S. Han and Zhong Lin Wang
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22354F

PVDF microbelts for harvesting energy from respiration
Chengliang Sun, Jian Shi, Dylan J. Bayerl and Xudong Wang
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE02241E

An elastic-spring-substrated nanogenerator as an active sensor for self-powered balance
Long Lin, Qingshen Jing, Yan Zhang, Youfan Hu, Sihong Wang, Yoshio Bando, Ray P. S. Han and Zhonglin Wang
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE00107E

Control of naturally coupled piezoelectric and photovoltaic properties for multi-type energy scavengers
Dukhyun Choi, Keun Young Lee, Mi-Jin Jin, Soo-Ghang Ihn, Sungyoung Yun, Xavier Bulliard, Woong Choi, Sang Yoon Lee, Sang-Woo Kim, Jae-Young Choi, Jong Min Kim and Zhong Lin Wang
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE02080C

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Reducing the cost of perovskite solar cells: EES article in Chemistry World

Solar panel rooftops

Solar cells are already beginning to enjoy widespread adoption © Shutterstock

A new way of making semiconducting perovskite-based solar cells could result in photovoltaic devices that are 70% cheaper than current commercial models, say UK scientists.

Although dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) have been leading the charge in cheap-to-process cell designs, semiconducting perovskites have been used in recent years to replace the sensitiser in the DSSC architecture. Whilst this reduces the interfacial energy loss that plagues DSSCs, the metal oxide support layers still need to be sintered at 500°C, which is costly.

Continuing their work on a ‘meso-superstructured’ solar cell, where they simplified the design of semiconducting perovskite solar cells, Henry Snaith and his group at the University of Oxford have used colloidal chemistry to deposit a support layer of aluminium(III) oxide. The highest temperature this method needs is a 150°C drying step, which will not only result in cheaper devices, but could also lead to better designs.

Interested to know more? Read the full article in Chemistry World here…

Low-temperature processed meso-superstructured to thin-film perovskite solar cells
James M. Ball,  Michael M. Lee,  Andrew Heya and  Henry J. Snaith 
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE40810H

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High impact research from Energy & Environmental Science: flexible nanotechnology

Energy & Environmental Science

We would like to share with you a selection of very recent high impact articles, published in Energy & Environmental Science covering the range of applications of flexible nanotechnologies in the fields of energy and the environment.

On behalf of Editor-in-Chief Nate Lewis (Caltech) we invite you to submit your best research to Energy & Environmental Science.

Energy & Environmental Science ranked #1 in its field. With an Impact Factor of 9.61, which is rising fast, it the ideal place to publish your research.

Read this high-impact flexible nanotechnology research today (some of which is free to access for a limited period):

Reviews and Analysis

FREE: Energy and environmental nanotechnology in conductive paper and textiles
Liangbing Hu and Yi Cui
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE02414D

FREE: Stretchable, elastic materials and devices for solar energy conversion
Darren J. Lipomi and Zhenan Bao
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE01881G

FREE: Progress in Flexible Energy Storage and Conversion Systems, with a Focus on Cable-Type  Lithium-Ion Battery
Sang-Young Lee, Keun-Ho Choi, Woo-Sung Choi, Yo Han Kwon, Hye-Rnn Jung, Heon-Cheol Shin and Je Young Kim
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE24260A

FREE: Nanostructured solar cells harvesting multi-type energies
Liang Li, Shimou Chen, Xuebin Wang, Yoshio Bando and Dmitri Golberg
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE03226K

Original Research

FREE: Carbon coated textiles for flexible energy storage
Kristy Jost, Carlos R. Perez, John K. McDonough, Volker Presser, Min Heon, Genevieve Dion and Yury Gogotsi
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE02421C

FREE: Flexible energy storage devices based on graphene paper
Hyeokjo Gwon, Hyun-Suk Kim, Kye Ung Lee, Dong-Hwa Seo, Yun Chang Park, Yun-Sung Lee, Byung Tae Ahn and Kisuk Kang
DOI: 10.1039/C0EE00640H

FREE: Biodegradable Transparent Substrates for Flexible Organic-Light-Emitting Diodes
Hongli Zhu, Zhengguo Xiao, Detao Liu, Yuanyuan Li, Nicholas J. Weadock, Jinsong Huang, Liangbing Hu and Zhiqiang Fang
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE40492G

Fabrication of flexible all-inorganic nanocrystal solar cells by room-temperature processing
Anna Loiudice, Aurora Rizzo, Giulia Grancini, Mariano Biasiucci, Maria R. Belviso, Michela Corricelli, M. Lucia Curri, Marinella Striccoli, Angela Agostiano, P. Davide Cozzoli, Annamaria Petrozza, Guglielmo Lanzani and Giuseppe Gigli
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE23928D

A novel wrap-around metal contact optimized for radial p-n junction Si wire solar cells
Sunmi Shin, Jin-Young Jung, Kwangtae Park, Handon Um, Sangwon Jee, Yoonho Nam and Jung-Ho Lee
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE24494F

High-performance hybrid plastic films: a robust electrode platform for thin-film optoelectronics
Jungho Jin, Jaemin Lee, Seonju Jeong, SeungCheol Yang, Ji-Hoon Ko, Hyeon-Gyun Im, Se-Woong Baek, Jung-Yong Lee and Byeong-Soo Bae
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE24306K

TCO-free flexible monolithic back-contact dye-sensitized solar cells
Dongchuan Fu ,  Patrick Lay and Udo Bach
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE24338A

Thermopower enhancement in conducting polymer nanocomposites via carrier energy scattering at the organic–inorganic semiconductor interface
Ming He, Jing Ge, Zhiqun Lin, Xuhui Feng, Xinwei Wang, Hongbin Lu, Yuliang Yang and Feng Qiu
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE21803H

Polypyrrole-coated paper for flexible solid-state energy storage
Longyan Yuan, Bin Yao, Bin Hu, Kaifu Huo, Wen Chen and Jun Zhou
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE23977A

Flexible PEDOT electrodes with large thermoelectric power factors to generate electricity by the touch of fingertips
Teahoon Park, Chihyun Park, Byeonggwan Kim, Haejin Shin and Eunkyoung Kim
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE23729J

Integrated power fiber for energy conversion and storage
Yongping Fu, Hongwei Wu, Shuyang Ye, Xin Cai, Xiao Yu, Shaocong Hou, Hanny Kafafy and Dechun Zou
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE23970E

Oriented hierarchical single crystalline anatase TiO2 nanowire arrays on Ti-foil substrate for efficient flexible dye-sensitized solar cells
Jin-Yun Liao, Bing-Xin Lei, Hong-Yan Chen, Dai-Bin Kuang and Cheng-Yong Su
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE02766B

Inverted polymer solar cells with 8.4% efficiency by conjugated polyelectrolyte
Tingbin Yang, Ming Wang, Chunhui Duan, Xiaowen Hu, Lin Huang, Junbiao Peng, Fei Huang and Xiong Gong
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22296E

A flexible nanostructured sulphur–carbon nanotube cathode with high rate performance for Li-S batteries
Guangmin Zhou, Da-Wei Wang, Feng Li, Peng-Xiang Hou, Lichang Yin, Chang Liu, Gao Qing (Max) Lu, Ian R. Gentle and Hui-Ming Cheng
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22294A

Highly durable and flexible dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated on plastic substrates: PVDF-nanofiber-reinforced TiO2 photoelectrodes
Yuelong Li, Doh-Kwon Lee, Jin Young Kim, BongSoo Kim, Nam-Gyu Park, Kyungkon Kim, Joong-Ho Shin, In-Suk Choi and Min Jae Ko
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE21674D

Integrated energy storage and electrochromic function in one flexible device: an energy storage smart window
Kai Wang, Haiping Wu, Yuena Meng, Yajie Zhang and Zhixiang Wei
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE21643D

High-performance flexible lithium-ion electrodes based on robust network architecture
Xilai Jia, Zheng Chen, Arnold Suwarnasarn, Lynn Rice, Xiaolei Wang, Hiesang Sohn, Qiang Zhang, Benjamin M. Wu, Fei Wei and Yunfeng Lu
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE03110H

Plasma modified flexible bucky paper as an efficient counter electrode in dye sensitized solar cells
Soumyendu Roy, Reeti Bajpai, Ajay Kumar Jena, Pragyensh Kumar, Neha kulshrestha and D. S. Misra
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE03519G

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Apply for I’m a Scientist – Like X Factor for scientists!

Are you passionate about your research? Do you want to share what you do with school students? If so, apply to take part in I’m a Scientist – Get me out of Here.

What is it?

I’m a Scientist – Get me out of Here is an X Factor-style competition for scientists, where students are the judges.  The Royal Society of Chemistry is delighted to be sponsoring the Energy Zone in the next online event from 17th – 28th June 2013.

The Energy Zone will cover the science of and issues relating to maintaining a supply of affordable, secure energy.

How does it work?

Scientists put up a profile on the I’m a Scientist website, answer questions and have live online (text) chats with school science students. Students vote and the winning scientist gets £500 to spend on science communication.

Apply now at: imascientist.org.uk/scientist-apply

Application deadline: May 6th 2013

To find our more and to check your eligibility, visit imascientist.org.uk/scientists or email Rosie in the I’m a Scientist team at rosie@gallomanor.com

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Challenges in Chemical Renewable Energy (ISACS12) – registration now open

ISACS12

Final Chance To Submit

The oral abstract deadline for Challenges in Chemical Renewable Energy (ISACS12) is almost upon us. Take advantage of this exceptional opportunity to showcase your work to a truly global audience and submit before Friday 3 May 2013.

Registration Now Open

We are delighted to announce that registration for this significant conference is now opensecure your space today and benefit from the early bird discount. There are also student rates and bursaries available.

For full details on Challenges Chemical Renewable Energy (ISACS12), please visit the dedicated website.

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Reducing the cost of perovskite solar cells

Table of contents imageA new way of making semiconducting perovskite-based solar cells could result in photovoltaic devices that are 70% cheaper than current commercial models.

Although dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) have been leading the charge in cheap-to-process cell designs, semiconducting perovskites have been used in recent years to replace the sensitiser in the DSSC architecture. Whilst this reduces the interfacial energy loss that plagues DSSCs, the metal oxide support layers still need to be sintered at 500°C, which is costly.

Continuing their work on a ‘meso-superstructured’ solar cell, where they simplified the design of semiconducting perovskite solar cells, EES Advisory Board member Henry Snaith and his group at the University of Oxford have used colloidal chemistry to deposit a support layer of aluminium(III) oxide. The highest temperature this method needs is a 150°C drying step, which will not only result in cheaper devices, but could also lead to better designs.

Although his device’s 12.3% efficiency is enough to rival the very best dye-sensitised solar cells, Snaith is still looking to improve efficiency, as well as stability, on his way to producing a commercial device. He is already predicting that his device will be much cheaper than existing silicon ones.

Read this HOT communication in Energy & Environmental Science today:

Low-temperature processed meso-superstructured to thin-film perovskite solar cells

James M. Ball, Michael M. Lee, Andrew Heya and Henry J. Snaith
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE40810H

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Top 10 most-read EES articles in February

This month sees the following articles in Energy & Environmental Science that are in the top ten most accessed in February:

Gas storage in renewable bioclathrates 
Weixing Wang ,  Chao Ma ,  Pinzhen Lin ,  Luyi Sun and Andrew I. Cooper
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 105-107 
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE23565J 

Lithium–oxygen batteries: bridging mechanistic understanding and battery performance 
Yi-Chun Lu ,  Betar M. Gallant ,  David G. Kwabi ,  Jonathon R. Harding ,  Robert R. Mitchell ,  M. Stanley Whittingham and Yang Shao-Horn  
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 750-768 
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE23966G 

Cu(ii)/Cu(0) electrocatalyzed CO2 and H2O splitting 
Zuofeng Chen ,  Peng Kang ,  Ming-Tian Zhang ,  Brian R. Stoner and Thomas J. Meyer 
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 813-817 
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE24487C 

Highly active and durable nanostructured molybdenum carbide electrocatalysts for hydrogen production 
W.-F. Chen ,  C.-H. Wang ,  K. Sasaki ,  N. Marinkovic ,  W. Xu ,  J. T. Muckerman ,  Y. Zhu and R. R. Adzic  
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 943-951 
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE23891H 

Photoelectrochemical cells for solar hydrogen production: current state of promising photoelectrodes, methods to improve their properties, and outlook 
Zhaosheng Li ,  Wenjun Luo ,  Minglong Zhang ,  Jianyong Feng and Zhigang Zou  
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 347-370 
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22618A 

Charge generation and energy transfer in hybrid polymer/infrared quantum dot solar cells 
Elisabeth Strein ,  Adam Colbert ,  Selvam Subramaniyan ,  Hirokazu Nagaoka ,  Cody W. Schlenker ,  Eric Janke ,  Samson A. Jenekhe and David S. Ginger 
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 769-775 
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE24175G 

Electrochemical performance and reaction mechanism of all-solid-state lithium–air batteries composed of lithium, Li1+x Al y Ge2-y (PO4)3 solid electrolyte and carbon nanotube air electrode 
Hirokazu Kitaura and Haoshen Zhou 
Energy Environ. Sci., 2012,5, 9077-9084 
DOI: 10.1039/C2EE22381C 

Organic solar cells featuring nanobowl structures 
Hung-Yu Wei ,  Jen-Hsien Huang ,  Chih-Yu Hsu ,  Feng-Chih Chang ,  Kuo-Chuan Ho and Chih-Wei Chu  
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 1192-1198 
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE24128A 

Challenges in the development of advanced Li-ion batteries: a review 
Vinodkumar Etacheri ,  Rotem Marom ,  Ran Elazari ,  Gregory Salitra and Doron Aurbach  
Energy Environ. Sci., 2011,4, 3243-3262 
DOI: 10.1039/C1EE01598B 

Effect of synthetic accessibility on the commercial viability of organic photovoltaics 
Timothy P. Osedach ,  Trisha L. Andrew and Vladimir Bulović  
Energy Environ. Sci., 2013,6, 711-718 
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE24138F 

Why not take a look at the articles today and blog your thoughts and comments below

Fancy submitting an article to EES? Then why not submit to us today!

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Nature inspires artificial photosynthetic membrane capable of NADH regeneration

Jian Liu and Markus Antonietti, of the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, have made a significant advance in carbon nitride photocatalysis. They impressively demonstrate the use of a bioinspired photosynthetic membrane in the photocatalytic regeneration of NADH without an electron mediator in their recent EES Communication.

Bio-inspired NADH regeneration by carbon nitride photocatalysis using diatom templates

The authors constructed their artificial photosynthesis system from a green and sustainable material called diatomite by an “incipient wetness impregnation” method. The graphitic carbon nitride photocatalyst was designed with a diatom frustule structure that imitates diatoms, which are unicellular photosynthetic organisms responsible for around one-fifth of the global photosynthesis yield.

Interest in applying enzymes for organic synthesis is increasing, due to their high efficiency and regioselectivity. However, enzyme-specific co-factors are costly and the procedure of enzyme-catalysed regeneration of NAD(P)H is complicated. An efficient and sustainable method for the regeneration of NADH is vital. Photosystem I, an integral membrane protein complex, uses light energy to mediate electron transfer for the reduction of NADP to NADPH, storing the light energy in chemical “currency”. Imitating the function of Photosystem I is very promising, cost effective and inherently sustainable.

Read this exciting Communication today:

Bio-inspired NADH regeneration by carbon nitride photocatalysis using diatom templates
Jian Liu and Markus Antonietti
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE40696B

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Detection and role of trace impurities in high-performance organic solar cells

Seth Darling and co-workers from the USA describe methods to achieve better consistency in high performance of organic solar cells in their recent EES paper.

Detection and role of trace impurities in high-performance organic solar cellsBatch-to-batch variation in performance of organic solar cells is a well-known problem, for which the underlying causes have been unclear so far. Trace impurities from residual catalyst material, used to synthesise the polymers in these devices, are known to affect device performance. Before now, no technique has been developed for identifying and quantifying impurities, even though they can cause issues with irreproducible optoelectronic function.

The group from Argonne National Laboratory, The University of Chicago and Northwestern University have shown that synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence can detect and quantify trace concentrations of metal impurities in organic solar cell systems. They have also identified the threshold concentration at which performance degrades and the mechanism for the degradation.

Read the details in their paper today:

Detection and role of trace impurities in high-performance organic solar cells
Maxim P. Nikiforov, Barry Lai, Wei Chen, Si Chen, Richard D. Schaller, Joseph Strzalka, Jörg Maser and Seth B. Darling
DOI: 10.1039/C3EE40556G

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