Archive for August, 2012

Eye spy cyanide

The colour of cyanide poisoning is purple, according to researchers in Switzerland who have developed a method that enables them to quickly detect blood cyanide levels through a simple colour change.

The two-step method to detect cyanide. (A) Adding a chemosensor to a blood sample, followed by extracting the purple chemosensor–cyano complex from the sample. (B) Washing the column with water

The two-step method to detect cyanide. (A) Adding a chemosensor to a blood sample, followed by extracting the purple chemosensor–cyano complex from the sample. (B) Washing the column with water

Cyanide poisoning as a result of smoke inhalation can have serious or fatal consequences unless an antidote is rapidly administered. Current methods for determining cyanide poisoning, including microdiffusion, microdistillation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detection, can take up to an hour to give results and are not suitable for point-of-care settings.

Read the full article in Chemistry World online.

Rapid visual detection of blood cyanide
Christine Männel-Croisé and Felix Zelder
Anal. Methods, 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2AY25595B

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HOT Article: A fresh approach using strontium isotopic analysis for forensic identification of human remains

By Pui Sai Lau, Web Writer

For many decades, natural radioactive elements have been used to date the age of minerals and rocks, and also trace the geological origins of archaeological, organic and inorganic materials. Various methods have been explored to measure radioisotopes in often complex samples and retrieve information that may otherwise be lost from possibly eons ago. Patrick Degryse, Frank Vanhaecke, the new Chair for JAAS and others from Belgium have recently demonstrated a modern-day application of strontium isotopic analysis. The team has forensically identified human remains by determining the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of bone and tooth enamel using multi-collector ICP-mass spectrometry. Read more about their exciting discovery below!

Strontium isotopic analysis as an experimental auxiliary technique in forensic identification of human remains
Patrick Degryse, David De Muynck, Steve Delporte, Sara Boyen, Laure Jadoul, Joan De Winne, Tatiana Ivaneanu and Frank Vanhaecke
Anal. Methods, 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2AY25035G

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Phenomenal legacy for London 2012

Professor Jeremy Nicholson

Professor Jeremy Nicholson of Imperial College, London, will be Director of the MRC-NIHR Phenome Centre

A pioneering new research centre set to emerge from the London 2012 anti-doping facilities could help revolutionise healthcare. The London 2012 anti-doping facilities will be developed after the Olympic and Paralympic Games into a world-class resource that could help revolutionise healthcare. The MRC-NIHR Phenome Centre will use the cutting edge facilities developed for London 2012 to help develop better and more targeted treatment for patients.

A phenome describes a person’s chemistry – all the molecules in their blood, urine or tissues – that are the result of their genetics and their lifestyle. Researchers at the Centre will investigate the phenome patterns of patients and volunteers by analysing samples very rapidly and on an unprecedented scale.

Professor Jeremy Nicholson of Imperial College, London, will be the Centre’s research director and principal investigator. He said: “We are delighted to receive this major award from the MRC and NIHR to create the world’s first comprehensive metabolic phenotyping centre. Generous contributions from the Waters Corporation and Bruker will also allow us to develop the next generation analytical screening technologies – which will be good news for analytical science in the UK as well as for basic medical research.”

Read the full press release from the RSC here, including comments from our Director of Science and Education, Professor Jim Iley, and Alan Handley, from the RSC’s Analytical Division. Also take a look at the official statement from the Medical Research Council (MRC), and a news story in Chemistry World.

We’re certainly very excited to see the new developments that will come from this new venture, and will be watching closely. For the time being, here’s some of Jeremy Nicholson’s recent work in the area of metabolite analysis:

Quantitative UPLC-MS/MS analysis of the gut microbial co-metabolites phenylacetylglutamine, 4-cresyl sulphate and hippurate in human urine: INTERMAP Study
Anisha Wijeyesekera, Philip A. Clarke, Magda Bictash, Ian J. Brown, Mark Fidock, Thomas Ryckmans, Ivan K. S. Yap, Queenie Chan, Jeremiah Stamler, Paul Elliott, Elaine Holmes and Jeremy K. Nicholson
Anal. Methods, 2012,4, 65-72
DOI: 10.1039/C1AY05427A

A metabolic system-wide characterisation of the pig: a model for human physiology
Claire A. Merrifield, Marie Lewis, Sandrine P. Claus, Olaf P. Beckonert, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Swantje Duncker, Sunil Kochhar, Serge Rezzi, John C. Lindon, Mick Bailey, Elaine Holmes and Jeremy K. Nicholson
Mol. BioSyst., 2011,7, 2577-2588
DOI: 10.1039/C1MB05023K

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Anion detection method to help police fight crime

 

Molotov cocktail

Chemical ignition Molotov cocktails consist of a flammable liquid and sulfuric acid and potassium chlorate in a glass bottle. The mixture is set alight by the reactants’ reaction on smashing the bottle

Researchers in Spain have developed a fast, non-hazardous method of identifying the anions present in improvised incendiary devices (a type of petrol bomb). This information will be important to police officers, as knowing the components of the original device could potentially help lead to the suspects involved.

Carmen García-Ruiz of the University of Alcalá, Madrid, and her co-workers studied a particular type of device – so-called chemical ignition Molotov cocktails (CIMCs), which consist of a flammable liquid (typically petrol) along with sulfuric acid and potassium chlorate in a glass bottle. Rather than needing to be lit by the thrower, the exothermic reaction of these ingredients on contact sets the mixture alight.

Read the full article in Chemistry World.

Qualitative Determination of inorganic anions in incendiary device residues by capillary electrophoresis
Carlos Martín-Alberca, Jorge Sáiz, José Luis Ferrando and Carmen Garcia Ruiz
Anal. Methods, 2012, Accepted Manuscript

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