Archive for June, 2014

Report from FD170 Mechanochemistry

Posted on behalf of Elizabeth Woodhouse, Publishing Editor

I recently attended Faraday Conference 170 held at McGill University, Montreal, Canada from 21st – 23rd May 2014. The program was chaired by Tomislav Friscic (McGill University) and covered all aspects of mechanochemistry with the aim of bringing together experts in milling mechanochemistry and sonochemistry, organic synthesis, metal-organic and inorganic materials chemistry, physical chemistry, pharmaceutical scientists and green chemistry.

MontrealFD170 stand

LEFT: A slightly cloudy Montreal skyline. RIGHT: Ready for registration

William Jones (University of Cambridge) opened the conference with an introductory lecture and the discussions began with talks from Leonard MacGillvray (University of Iowa), Graeme Day (University of Southampton) and Tamara Hamilton (Barry University) on the subjects of mechanochemistry of organic molecules, soft materials and pharmaceuticals.

The second day featured discussions on the mechanochemistry of inorganic compounds and coordination-based materials, with Audrey Moores (McGill University) discussing her research on the solvent-free synthesis of biomass-stabilzed gold nanoparticles. The afternoon session focussed on the mechanistic understanding, use in catalysis and scale-up of mechanochemistry and included a discussion led by Achim Stolle (Friedrich-Schiller University) on the scale-up of organic reactions in ball mills.

 

Loving Cup ceremonyGurpaul Kochhar receiving the RSC Skinner prize

LEFT: The Loving Cup ceremony RIGHT: Gurpaul Kochhar receiving the RSC Skinner prize from Professor Peter Skabara with Dr Tomislav Friscic, co-chair of the organising commitee

The conference dinner included the poster prize giving and the Loving Cup ceremony – a Faraday tradition! Gurpaul Kochhar was presented the RSC Skinner prize for his poster on ‘Predicting reaction barriers under mechanochemical conditions’ Congratulations Gurpaul!

The final day of the conference covered discussions on sonication and macromolecular mechanochemistry and the conference closed with concluding remarks given by Kenneth Suslick (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). The next Faraday Conference is FD171: Emerging Photon Technologies for Chemical Dynamics and will be held on the 9th-11th July in Sheffield.

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HOT articles in June

Take a look at our HOT articles for the month of June and let us know your thoughts below. Remember, these are free to access for four weeks!

Crystal growth, transport phenomena and two-gap superconductivity in the mixed alkali metal (K1−zNaz)xFe2−ySe2 iron selenide
Maria Roslova, Svetoslav Kuzmichev, Tatiana Kuzmicheva, Yevgeny Ovchenkov, Min Liu, Igor Morozov, Aleksandr Boltalin, Andrey Shevelkov, Dmitry Chareev and Alexander Vasiliev
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C3CE42664E

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 30th July 2014


Coordination assembly of Borromean structures
Mei Pan and Cheng-Yong Su
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00616J

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 30th July 2014


Weak hydrogen and dihydrogen bonds instead of strong N–HO bonds of a tricyclic [1,2,4,5]-tetrazine derivative. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction, theoretical calculations and Hirshfeld surface analysis
Magdalena Owczarek, Irena Majerz and Ryszard Jakubas
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00571F

 

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 15th July 2014


Electroactive tetrathiafulvalene based pyridine-mono and -bis(1,2,3-triazoles) click ligands: synthesis, crystal structures and coordination chemistry
Thomas Biet and Narcis Avarvari
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00736K

 

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 15th July 2014


A novel azobenzene covalent organic framework
Jian Zhang, Laibing Wang, Na Li, Jiangfei Liu, Wei Zhang, Zhengbiao Zhang, Nianchen Zhou and Xiulin Zhu
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00369A

 

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 15th July 2014


The direct growth of a WO3 nanosheet array on a transparent conducting substrate for highly efficient electrochromic and electrocatalytic applications
Guo-fa Cai, Jiang-ping Tu, Ding Zhou, Lu Li, Jia-heng Zhang, Xiu-li Wang and Chang-dong Gu
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00404C

 

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 15th July 2014


How to print a crystal structure model in 3D
Teng-Hao Chen, Semin Lee, Amar H. Flood and Ognjen Š. Miljanić
CrystEngComm, 2014, 16, 5488-5493
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00371C 

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 8th July 2014


Solid phase microextraction (SPME) combined with TGA as a technique for guest analysis in crystal engineering
Matthew J. Fischer and Alicia M. Beatty
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00419A  

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 8th July 2014


Li2CO3 thin films fabricated by sputtering techniques: the role of temperature on their properties
Lander Rojo, Irene Castro-Hurtado, María C. Morant-Miñana, Gemma G. Mandayo and Enrique Castaño
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00476K 

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 8th July 2014


Glycine homopeptides: the effect of the chain length on the crystal structure and solid state reactivity
Aaron J. Smith, Farukh I. Ali and Dmitriy V. Soldatov
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00630E

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 8th July 2014


A study of the step-flow growth of the PVT-grown AlN crystals by a multi-scale modeling method
Wei Guo, Julia Kundin, Matthias Bickermann and Heike Emmerich
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00175C

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 8th July 2014


Synthesis of ferromagnetic cobalt nanoparticle tipped CdSe@CdS nanorods: critical role of Pt-activation
Lawrence J. Hill, Nathaniel E. Richey, Younghun Sung, Philip T. Dirlam, Jared J. Griebel, In-Bo Shim, Nicola Pinna, Marc-Georg Willinger, Walter Vogel, Kookheon Char and Jeffrey Pyun
CrystEngComm, 2014, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00680A

Graphical Abstract

Free to access until 8th July 2014

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Formation of kidney stones

Human kidney stones contain over 200 components, most significantly, anhydrous uric acid (UA, below) and its dihydrate (UAD).  When UAD is present, UA is also, however the reverse isn’t always true. This  suggests the conversion of UAD to UA may be a significant step in the formation of kidney stones.  A deeper understanding of how the stones form could inform strategies to prevent their formation and to disperse them once formed.

uric acid

A new paper in CrystEngComm looks at the relationship between UAD and UA under physiologically relevant conditions.  The authors studied the behaviour of UAD in aqueous solution at body temperature (37oC), both at various pHs in the presence of a buffer and in an artificial urine solution. In aqueous solution at acidic pH values, the conversion of UAD occured via a slow dissolution, followed by recrystallization, to form UA over 42 hours. At neutral pH, the final product formed was uric acid monohydrate (UAM), which was obtained either directly or via a UA intermediate. In urine solution, UA formation was much faster (complete in 30 hours) and crystals were much smaller.

The rate limiting step is believed to be the dissolution of UAD, with the timescale of the UA formation explaining why UAD is rarely found in the absence of UA.  Future studies will look at how other urinary components and/or additives can affect UA formation.

For more information, see the full paper:

Solution-mediated phase transformation of uric acid dihydrate
Janeth B. Presores and Jennifer A. Swift
CrystEngComm, 2014, DOI: 10.1039/C4CE00574K

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Gwenda KydGwenda Kyd has a PhD in metallocarborane chemistry from the University of Edinburgh. Other research work includes the spectroscopic study of the structure of glasses and organometallic electron-transfer reactions and the preparation of new inorganic phosphors.  She has recently published a book on chemicals from plants.

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