10 Dec 2012
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DNA nanotechnology allows the construction of self-assembled scaffolds for use in the arrangement of functional molecules and nanomaterials. These can be used to create complex molecular devices. DNA origami is a new programmed DNA assembly system that enables the design of 2D nanostructures which can be functionalised with molecules and nanoparticles.
This Review by Endo, Yang and Sugiyama covers the rapidly moving field of DNA materials science. The review describes the state of current DNA origami research and describes its applications in biomaterials such as the selective functionalisation and single molecule imaging of biomolecules; cell-targeting and as a basis for molecular machines.
DNA origami technology for biomaterials applications
Biomater. Sci., 2012, Advance Article. DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00154c
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05 Dec 2012
Prof. Patrick S. Stayton, Editorial Board member
Patrick Stayton currently serves as the Washington Research Foundation Professor in the Department of Bioengineering at the University of Washington. He is the founding Director of the Institute for Molecular Engineering and Sciences, and the Center for Intracellular Delivery of Biologics. He received his B.S. in Biology (summa cum laude) from Illinois State University in 1984, his Ph.D. in Biochemistry from the University of Illinois in 1989, and was a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, also at the University of Illinois.
Dr. Stayton’s eclectic research group works at the interface of fundamental molecular science and applied molecular bioengineering. His laboratory has fundamental projects aimed at elucidating the basic principles underlying biomolecular recognition, and connected projects applying these principles to medical applications in the drug delivery, medical diagnostics, and regenerative medicine fields. He has published over 200 scientific papers. Dr. Stayton has a strong interest in translating the group’s research, has been awarded several patents, and is a co-founder of the startup companies PhaseRx Inc. based on his group’s biologic drug delivery work, and Nexgenia based on their diagnostic work.
Dr. Stayton has been elected as a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, and has been the recipient of the Clemson Award from the Society For Biomaterials and the CRS-Cygnus Recognition Award from the Controlled Release Society. He served as Co-Chair of the Gordon Conference on Drug Carriers in Medicine and Biology in 2010. He has also been awarded the 2009 Faculty Research Innovation Award, UW College of Engineering, and the Distinguished Teacher and Mentor Award from the Department of Bioengineering.
Biomaterials Science is now accepting submissions. All articles will be free to access until the end of 2014. Please contact the editorial office if you have any questions about the journal.
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22 Nov 2012
Less than a year after the launch announcement, the first issue of Biomaterials Science is now available online. Showcasing the latest biomaterials research, Issue 1 contains articles on the following:
Enzyme responsive materials, Rein V. Ulijn et al.: This review summarises recent advances in enzyme responsive material development, highlighting design strategies and future challenges in the field.
Bone repair using bioceramics, María Vallet-Regí et al.: Understanding natural ossification mechanisms is essential for designing scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Mesoporous bioactive ceramics formed scaffolds by rapid prototyping and are excellent candidates for bone regeneration.
Zn and Sr substitution in tricalcium phosphate on osteoclast differentiation and resorption, Susmita Bose et al.: Tunable osteoclast cell differentiation and resorption of β-TCP bone substitute was achieved by Zn and/or Sr doping—a much needed property for successful bone remodelling.
A bio-inspired neural environment to control neurons, Morgan R. Alexander et al.: Chemical and micro-topographical gradients are used as a high-throughput means to assess neural cell interaction. Surface conditioning by radial glial cells enhances neuron attachment and alignment.
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13 Nov 2012
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A bio-ink to print living cells onto a surface using a commercial printer has been developed by Dr Marc in het Panhuis and colleagues at the University of Wollongong, Australia. Bioprinting can be used for tissue engineering and analytical applications. The bio-ink consists of a gel – gellan gum – that’s used in food additives. The gel makes sure that the cells in the bio-ink remain suspended with no sign of aggregation, which was the problem with previous inks. Aggregation means an uneven distribution of cells being printed out onto a surface.
Bio-ink for printing living cells on demand
Biomater. Sci., 2012, Advance Article. DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00114d
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07 Nov 2012
Scientists in Australia are a step closer to printing living cells for tissue engineering with the development of a new bio-ink that allows the cells to stay alive until they are printed and not clog up the printer nozzle.
‘The first bio-inks used in drop-on-demand cell printing were simple salt solutions,’ says Marc in het Panhuis, who was part of the research team at the University of Wollongong. ‘The cells in these inks settled and aggregated quickly, which impeded printing. Cell viability can also be compromised if the salt concentration is too high.’
Read the full article in Chemistry World.
Bio-ink for on-demand printing of living cells
Cameron J. Ferris, Kerry J. Gilmore, Stephen Beirne, Donald McCallum, Gordon G. Wallace and Marc in het Panhuis
Biomater. Sci., 2013, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2BM00114D
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01 Nov 2012
Producing scaffolds for use in tissue engineering is a major focus in the field. Electrospinning and additive manufacturing are two of the methods in which scaffolds can be fabricated. Additive manufacturing is broadly defined as the construction of complex structures in a layer-by-layer fashion using computer aided design.
This minireview by Dalton, Hutmacher and colleagues from the Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation at Queensland University of Technology describes solution and melt electrospinning use in conjunction with additive manufacturing for tissue engineering scaffolds. The minireview describes the emerging areas of biomodal and multiphasic scaffolds, and scaffolds published using melt electrospinning writing as an additive manufacturing technique.
Electrospinning and additive manufacturing: converging technologies
Biomater. Sci., 2012, Advance Article. DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00039c
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26 Oct 2012
A tissue engineering approach based on the use of bioceramics for bone repair
Mesoporous bioactive ceramics that form scaffolds by prototyping are excellent candidates for bone regeneration. This review by Salinas, Esbrit and Vallet-Regí describes the use of bioceramics such as those based on oxides, phosphates, carbonates, nitrides, carbides, carbons and glasses for bone repair.
(Biomater. Sci., 2012, DOI: 10.1039/c2bm00071g, Advance article)
Progress and perspectives in developing polymeric vectors for in vitro gene delivery
The problems associated with gene-delivery vectors for human gene therapy as discussed in this Review by Yue and Wu. The Review focuses on how polymeric vectors navigate each intracellular obstacle or “slit”. Intracellular trafficking mechanisms of DNA-polymer complexes are particularly focussed upon.
(Biomater. Sci., 2012, DOI: 10.1039/ c2bm00030j, Advance article)
Effects of zinc and strontium substitution in tricalcium phosphate on osteoclast differentiation and resorption
Biomaterials for bone replacement must be able to regulate osteoblast and osteoclast functions to maintain the dynamics of bone remodelling. In this paper, Bose and co-workers report osteoclast-like cell differentiation and resorption activity in the presence of β-tricalcium phosphate and Zn-and Sr-doped tricalcium phosphate materials in an in vitro study. The presence of Zn was found to reduce activity in all cultures, but the osteoclast-like cellular resorption process was not affected.
(Biomater. Sci., 2012, DOI: 10.1039/ c2bm00012a, Advance article)
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10 Oct 2012
A cancer treatment that uses titanium dioxide nanoparticles to kill tumour cells has been given a sound revamping by researchers in Japan. The new strategy improves the stability of the nanoparticles and the treatment may be able to penetrate more deeply into human tissues than ever before, targeting problematic tumours, through the use of ultrasound.
Atsushi Harada and colleagues at Osaka Prefecture University encapsulated the titanium dioxide nanoparticles inside micelles (an aggregate of surfactant molecules dispersed in a liquid colloid). The team grafted polyethylene glycol, a polymer with many medical uses, onto the micelles to stabilise them, improve their biocompatibility and to ensure that the micelles had negligible cytotoxicity. ‘Low cytotoxicity is the most important property of our micellar system’ Harada explains.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticle-entrapped micelles can selectively kill cells at only the ultrasound-irradiated area
Read the full article at Chemistry World.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticle-entrapped polyion complex micelles generate singlet oxygen in the cells by ultrasound irradiation for sonodynamic therapy
Atsushi Harada, Masafumi Ono, Eiji Yuba and Kenji Kono
Biomater. Sci., 2013, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2BM00066K
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05 Oct 2012
Now that we have published our first few articles, I thought this might be a good time to tell you a little more about the Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS). Biomaterials Science is a collaborative venture between RSC Publishing and the iCeMS, which is based at Kyoto University, Japan.
The iCeMS is part of the Japanese government’s World Premier International Research Center (WPI) Initiative, launched in 2007 to forge a new model for scientific institutions, helping Japan lead the world in a broad range of leading-edge research. By merging materials science and cell biology, both fields of great strength at Kyoto University, the iCeMS is creating a new cross-discipline, supported by an advanced research environment and infrastructure that are unprecedented in Japan. The institute’s focus is on two main areas: stem cell science & technology and mesoscopic science & technology. The institute’s work draws from the life sciences, chemistry, materials science, as well as physics, constantly expanding the boundaries of technological innovation.
To find out more visit: www.icems.kyoto-u.ac.jp or www.facebook.com/Kyoto.Univ.iCeMS.
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