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Extended application for carbon nitride polymer

graphitic carbon nitrideA collaboration of scientists from Germany and China have developed a solid polymeric base catalyst for Knoevenagel condensations and transesterification reactions. The mesoporous catalyst is made from graphitic carbon nitride which has already been shown by the authors as a very promising material due to its remarkable electronic properties and large 2D-surface area (see their recent Chemical Science article here).

In their most recent Catalysis Science & Technology article, they illustrate how the incorporated nitrogen atoms display Lewis-base character that can be exploited for organocatalytic C-C coupling reactions, affording high product yield after numerous cycles.

With its ability to catalyse photoredox reactions already proven, and now its base catalytic properties, this really is a multifunctional catalyst which should find application in cascade reactions.

Read the article now: 
mpg-C3N4 as a solid base catalyst for Knoevenagel condensations and transesterification reactions
Fangzheng Su, Markus Antonietti and Xinchen Wang

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Biodiesel catalysts

Karen Wilson and Adam Lee from Cardiff University discuss the recent development of heterogeneous catalysts for synthesising biodiesel.

Biodiesel is synthesised from triglycerides and free fatty acids that have been extracted from plant oil seeds (such as rapeseed, palm, soybean), animal fats, and algae. Transesterification and esterification of triglycerides and free fatty acids, respectively, using simple acid or base catalysis produces the resultant biodiesel alkyl ester.

biodiesel synthesis

Soluble base or acid catalyts can create problems such as reactor corrosion and you also have the added task of having to remove the catalyst from the product which can be somewhat energy intensive (thereby lessening the green-ness of the fuel). It would seem that heterogeneous catalysis is the way forward, providing a more efficient process and also enabling greater purity of the glycerol by-product .

As Wilson and Lee set out in their Perspective article, several considerations should be made when designing solid acid and base catalysts: acid or base strength, tuneable surface polarity, and pore architecture.

To find out the effects these catalytic properties have, download the article now for free…

Rational design of heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel synthesis
Karen Wilson and Adam F. Lee

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