Archive for the ‘Highlights’ Category

The sceptical chymist talks about molecular simulation

Computational simulations have played an important role in the understanding of crystal structures and the atomic level forces which give them different properties. In this excellent Highlight paper, Professor Angelo Gavezzotti draws on his experience as a theoretical chemist as well as some recent experimental results to illustrate the different techniques one may use to model crystalline substances.

Covering topics such as phase transitions, crystal geometry and intermolecular interactions, it is a must read for anyone interested in computational chemistry.

 The “sceptical chymist”: intermolecular doubts and paradoxes

Read the paper here:

The “sceptical chymist”: intermolecular doubts and paradoxes
Angelo Gavezzotti
CrystEngComm, 2013, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C3CE00051F, Highlight

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Supramolecular engineering via halogen bonding

Applications of halogen bonding

Applications of halogen bonding

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In this HOT Highlight, Franck Meyer and Philippe Dubois discuss the emergence of halogen bonding over the last decade for crystal engineering of supramolecular complexes. Whilst hydrogen bonding has received a great deal of interest in this respect, very little work has focused on halogen bonding until now. The first applications to highly functional materials are presented. Other recent applications have also included solution phase recognition (catalysis, anion sensing and resolution) and macromolecular organizations (porous, polymeric and hybrid systems). Thus, the potential cooperation between weak
non-covalent bonds opens the door for new applications in materials science and synthetic chemistry.

Read more for FREE at:

Halogen bonding at work: recent applications in synthetic chemistry and materials science
Franck Meyer and Philippe Dubois
CrystEngComm, 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE26150B

Also of interest:

Controlled room temperature ROP of L-lactide by ICl3: a simple halogen-bonding catalyst
Olivier Coulembier, Franck Meyer and Philippe Dubois
Polym. Chem., 2010,1, 434-437
DOI: 10.1039/C0PY00013B, Communication

Mesogenic, trimeric, halogen-bonded complexes from alkoxystilbazoles and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene Duncan W. Bruce, Pierangelo Metrangolo, Franck Meyer, Carsten Präsang, Giuseppe Resnati, Giancarlo Terraneo and Adrian C. Whitwood
New J. Chem., 2008, 32, 477-482
DOI: 10.1039/B709107A, Paper

Solid state synthesis under supramolecular control of a 2D heterotetratopic self-complementary tecton tailored to halogen bonding
Giovanni Marras, Pierangelo Metrangolo, Franck Meyer, Tullio Pilati, Giuseppe Resnati and Ashwani Vij
New J. Chem., 2006, 30, 1397-1402
DOI: 10.1039/B605958A, Paper

Crystal engineering of brominated tectons: N-methyl-3,5-dibromo-pyridinium iodide gives particularly short C–BrI halogen bonding
Thomas A. Logothetis, Franck Meyer, Pierangelo Metrangolo, Tullio Pilati and Giuseppe Resnati
New J. Chem., 2004, 28, 760-763
DOI: 10.1039/B401421A, Paper

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Chemical Vapour Deposition for engineering oxide nanosystems

Chemical Vapour Deposition-based growth can help tailor the properties of oxide-based nanomaterials.

Chemical Vapour Deposition-based growth can help tailor the properties of oxide-based nanomaterials.

Davide Barreca and colleagues survey the current literature on multi-component oxide nanosystems obtained by Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) in their HOT Highlight article.  Three bi-component categories of nanomaterials are discussed in detail; these are metal/oxide, oxide/oxide and carbon/oxide systems.

The metal/oxide materials include zinc oxide-based systems which are some of the most investigated composites obtained by CVD-based methods.  Tin dioxide nanowires covered by iron oxide nanocrystals are an example of the oxide/oxide nanomaterials examined, with CVD techniques being critical for obtaining interconnected magnetite superstructures.  A combined plasma enhanced-CVD and electrodeposition approach to create nanofibers coated with manganese oxide is an example of a carbon/oxides systems.

Future challenges include controlling phenomena occurring at interfaces between the materials but the flexibility of CVD techniques can help with overcoming these to further exploit and develop novel oxide nanosystems.  Download the Highlight today to find out more; it’s free for 4 weeks.

Multi-component oxide nanosystems by Chemical Vapor Deposition and related routes: challenges and perspectives
Daniela Bekermann, Davide Barreca, Alberto Gasparotto and Chiara Maccato
CrystEngComm, 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE25624J, Highlight

Here are some other articles from the team that you might find interesting…

Controlled synthesis and properties of beta-Fe2O3 nanosystems functionalized with Ag or Pt nanoparticles

Giorgio Carraro, Davide Barreca, Elisabetta Comini, Alberto Gasparotto, Chiara Maccato, Cinzia Sada and Giorgio Sberveglieri
CrystEngComm, 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE25956G, Paper

Strongly oriented Co3O4 thin films on MgO(100) and MgAl2O4(100) substrates by PE-CVD

Davide Barreca, Anjana Devi, Roland A. Fischer, Daniela Bekermann, Alberto Gasparotto, Marco Gavagnin, Chiara Maccato, Eugenio Tondello, Elza Bontempi, Laura E. Depero and Cinzia Sada
CrystEngComm, 2011, 13, 3670-3673
DOI: 10.1039/C1CE05280B, Communication

Malonate complexes of dysprosium: synthesis, characterization and application for LI-MOCVD of dysprosium containing thin films
Andrian P. Milanov, Rüdiger W. Seidel, Davide Barreca, Alberto Gasparotto, Manuela Winter, Jürgen Feydt, Stephan Irsen, Hans-Werner Becker and Anjana Devi
Dalton Trans., 2011, 40, 62-78
DOI: 10.1039/C0DT00455C, Paper

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Porous aromatic frameworks

Teng Ben and Shilun Qiu discuss porous aromatic framework network formation and the relationship between secondary building units and function in this hot Highlight article.  The ability to control the pore size in porous aromatic frameworks lends itself to numerous applications, including in molecular separation, catalysis, photoelectric materials, clean energy and carbon dioxide capture and storage.

You can download the full article below, which is free to access for 4 weeks.

Porous aromatic frameworks: Synthesis, structure and functions
Teng Ben and Shilun Qiu
CrystEngComm, 2012
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE25409C, Highlight

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Hydrogels for studying biomineralisation

Hydrogel-based double-diffusion systems for studying biomineralization

Hydrogel-based double-diffusion systems for studying biomineralization

This Highlight presents an overview of hydrogel-based double-diffusion systems to study biomineralization.  The authors describe two types of diffusion systems: static and dynamic.  They evaluated four such systems to design  an optimized system taking into account the type of hydrogel, the boundary conditions and design strategy.

Gels represent a good model to study and understand biomineralization because the mineral deposition that occurs in many mineralization processes  in vivo takes place in gelling environments; however,  they are not often used due to their complexity and poor knowledge of ionic diffusion.

Read more about biomineralisation for FREE at:

Rediscovering hydrogel-based double-diffusion systems for studying biomineralization
Jason R. Dorvee , Adele L. Boskey and Lara A. Estroff
CrystEngComm, 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE25289A

Other articles by Lara A. Estroff and co-workers which may also be of interest are:

Gel incorporation inside of organic single crystals grown in agarose hydrogels
Hanying Li, Yuzo Fujiki, Kazuki Sada and Lara A. Estroff
CrystEngComm, 2011, 13, 1060-1062
DOI: 10.1039/C0CE00118J, Communication

Porous calcite single crystals grown from a hydrogel medium
Hanying Li and Lara A. Estroff
CrystEngComm, 2007, 9, 1153-1155
DOI: 10.1039/B709068D, Communication
From themed issue: CrystEngComm focuses on biomineralisation

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Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric Single Crystals

Ferroelectric materials have potential applications in a range of technologies including sensors, actuators, capacitors and transducers. Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) polycrystalline materials have been widely used since their discovery in the 1950’s, since then a large number of lead based ferroelectric materials have been developed. 

a) PMNT single crystal b) PMN-PZ-PT single crystal c) PMN-PFN-PT single crystal d) PLZST crystals

This Hot Highlight details the recent advances that have been made in lead-based ferroelectric and antiferroelectric single crystals – covering crystal growth, composition and property characterization. You can download the full article below, which is free to access for 4 weeks.

Progress in lead-based ferroelectric and antiferroelectric single crystals: composition modification, crystal growth and properties
Nengneng Luo, Yuanyuan Li, Zhiguo Xia and Qiang Li
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE06430H

Also of interest…

Top-seeded solution growth and characterization of PMN–0.31PT piezoelectric single crystals
Qinghua Lu, Xifa Long and Yuehua Hu
DOI: 10.1039/C002491K

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Hot Highlight: Porphyrinic metal organic frameworks

Three types of possible pillaring present in porphyrin paddlewheel frameworks using a 4,4'-bipyridine ligand

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a hot topic of research in crystal engineering given the range of potential applications, including catalysis, gas storage and sensing. The construction of the crystalline materials is very important to determine the properties of the material and this is controlled by careful selection of linkers (organic molecules) and joints (metal ions or clusters). 

Porphyrins provide a versatile choice of linker as they can accommodate a range of transition metals and main group elements, this allows metals to be introduced into the frameworks without the need for them to also act as joints, making the metal ions more accessible and increasing interaction with guest molecules. 

Schematic illustration of a metal–organic framework, assembled from metal nodes and metalloligands

Porphyrin based MOFs have been reported by Robson, Goldberg, Suslick, Li, Choe, Hupp, Ma and others, this Hot Highlight by Brandon Burnett, Paul Barron and Wonyoung Choe reviews the recent advances in porphyrinic MOFs, focussing on materials design, synthetic strategies and emerging applications. 

You can download the article below, which is free to access for 4 weeks 

Recent advances in porphyrinic metal–organic frameworks: materials design, synthetic strategies, and emerging applications
Brandon J. Burnett, Paul M. Barron and Wonyoung Choe
CrystEngComm, 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE06692K 

Also of interest 

Highly tunable metal–organic frameworks with open metal centers
Eun-Young Choi, Curtis A. Wray, Chunhua Hu and Wonyoung Choe
CrystEngComm, 2009, 11, 553-555
DOI: 10.1039/B819707P 

A mixed-linker porphyrin framework with CdI2-type topology
Eun-Young Choi, Paul M. Barron, Richard W. Novotney, Chunhua Hu, Young-UK Kwon and Wonyoung Choe
CrystEngComm, 2008, 10, 824-826
DOI: 10.1039/B720035H 

Four new 2D porous polymeric frames from the self-assembly of silver triflate and silver tosylate with free-base and Zn-metallated 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)Porphyrin
Lucia Carlucci, Gianfranco Ciani, Davide M. Proserpio and Francesca Porta
CrystEngComm, 2005, 7, 78-86
DOI: 10.1039/B417709F 

You can also keep up to date with the latest news in crystal engineering by liking us on facbook, following us on twitter or signing up to our e-alert service

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Mechanochemistry engineers new pharmaceutical solid forms

This CrystEngComm Highlight  provides a brief overview of advances in the synthesis of new pharmaceutical forms, based on molecular assembly through non-covalent interactions or coordination bonds which have been provided through mechanochemical methods of neat and liquid-assisted grinding.  In particular, it has been shown that liquid-assisted grinding provides an environment free of solubility-based limitations inherent to solution-based cocrystallisation, thereby leading to highly efficient screening for polymorphs, cocrystals and salts.  The applicability of liquid-assisted grinding and subsequently derived ion-and liquid-assisted grinding has been recently extended to the area of metal-based pharmaceuticals and metallodrugs. The work suggests mechanochemical screening may have a pivotal role in the future development of pharmaceutical solid forms and, potentially, in the covalent synthesis of drug candidates.

Read more for FREE about the crystal engineering possibilities at:
The role of mechanochemistry and supramolecular design in the development of pharmaceutical materials
Amit Delori ,  Tomislav Friščić and William Jones
CrystEngComm, 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE06582G

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IUPAC Update: Coordination polymer/MOF nomenclature

Following on from the previous blog last year ‘IUPAC Survey: Coordination polymer/MOF nomenclature’, we can now report the IUPAC division of Inorganic Chemistry has published a Highlight article ‘Coordination polymers, metal–organic frameworks and the need for terminology guidelines’. The paper is a summary of the work of the task group so far and the interactions they have had with scientists in the area.

The most common terms are coordination polymer and metal-organic framework and it can be difficult to know which structures are covered by which names and what these names mean to different people. This paper introduces the different ideas between various groups and provides an agenda for further work in the area.

Given the significance and interest of this article it has been made free to access until the end of March and can be downloaded below.

Coordination polymers, metal–organic frameworks and the need for terminology guidelines
Stuart R. Batten, Neil R. Champness, Xiao-Ming Chen, Javier Garcia-Martinez, Susumu Kitagawa, Lars Öhrström, Michael O’Keeffe, Myunghyun Paik Suh and Jan Reedijk
CrystEngComm, 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE06488J

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Hot Highlight: Porous organic molecular materials

Metal–organic frameworks are materials containing coordination bonds between organic linkers and metal ions or clusters, exclusion of guest molecules in the structure can create a highly porous material with potential for gas storage, gas separation or catalysis. Other well studied nanoporous materials include zeolites, metal oxide molecular sieves, silica gels, activated carbons, covalent organic frameworks and organic network polymers.

This highlight from Jian Tian, Praveen K. Thallapally and B Peter McGrail from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory reviews a very different class of nanoporous material, those comprised entirely of discrete organic molecules containing only weak non-covalent interactions. Often there is very close packing in the crystals (with voids or channels rarely exceeding 25 Angstroms) but under the right conditions solvents can be included within the structure in zero, one, two or three dimensional solvent accessible voids.

If the solvent can be easily removed from the structure highly porous crystalline materials can be made  from organic compounds, the difficulty however is that upon desolvation the crystals often collapse into closely packed structures. This review discusses a wide range of structures which have been found to be stable as porous organic molecular materials, including crystalline structures with voids and amorphous solids with interconnected disordered pores. Read the CrystEngComm Hot Article (which is free to access for 4 weeks) for more details.

Porous organic molecular materials
Jian Tian, Praveen K. Thallapally and B Peter McGrail
CrystEngComm, 2012, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/C2CE06457J, Highlight

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