Chemists working in Australia have used polymer hydrogels as a ‘draw’ agent in a desalination process.
Forward osmosis (FO) desalination is an emerging area of interest for chemists as it provides a low energy method of obtaining salt free water from the sea. Typically in FO, saline water is separated by a membrane from a ‘draw’ solute. Water passes through the membrane from the saline side to the ‘draw’ solute via osmosis. The water is then recovered from the ‘draw’ agent using distillation.
Now Huanting Wang and colleagues at Monash University have investigated the use of polymer hydrogels as the draw agent for FO desalination. Polymer hydrogels can reversibly change their volume when exposed to certain stimuli such as temperature and pressure. This gives them an advantage over traditional draw agents as they can potentially be recycled and release the water at lower energy and therefore cost.
The team found that it is indeed possible to release significant amounts of water from the polymer hydrogels tested and are investigating other stimuli, such as light, to further increase the efficiency of this process.
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